Essay
2013
Most
Common English Essay for 10th class.
- A
True Muslim
- Quaid-e-Azam
- My
Favorite Poet
- Courtesy
Life In A Big City
- Village
Life
- My
Hobby
- Boy
Scout
- Visit
To A Hill Station
- A
Railway Station
- Rainy
Day
- A
Road Accident
- Health
- Sports
and Games
- A
Hockey Match
- Television
My Best Friend
A
TRUE MUSLIM
To be a good Muslim is.
indeed, a great blessing of Allah. The follower of Islam is called a Muslim. A
true Muslim has a firm belief in Allah and His last Prophet Muhammad (Peace be
upon him). He believes that Allah is the light of heaven and earth. It is his
faith that Allah is the Creator of everything in the universe and is the Lord
of the Day of Judgment. He believes that Allah is aware of his doing and
actions. He avoids evil actions because he knows that he will be held
answerable for his deeds. He fears only from Allah and does not do anything
wrong. It is his belief that Allah is Omni-present and Omnipotent.
A true Muslim leads a simple and pure life. He
earns his livelihood through honest means and-is contented with it. He controls
his desires. He does not beg for things. He does not bring down his
self-respect. He spends his life according to the teachings of Islam. He always
bows his head before Allah in all the matters of his life. He reads the Holy
Quran and feels a great joy. He gives alms to the poor. He is good at heart,
true to his word and Honest in the performance of his duties. He is not afraid
of anything except Allah and does what is right. He offers prayers regularly,
keeps fast, gives Zakat and performs Hajj. He believes in the Day of Judgment
and the life hereafter.
A true Muslim has regard for his neighbour. He
never does anything that goes against their interests. He respects their
rights. He shares their joys and sorrows. He is interested in their welfare and
happiness. He does his best to help them wherever he can. He is always prepared
to sacrifice his own interests for the sake of his neighbour. He is
well-behaved. He is graceful in everything that he does. He tries to be sweet
to others. He is not selfish. As far as possible he helps his neighbour in the
time of need. He is not petty-minded. If he does a good turn to one of his
neighbour, he never shows it off. He never mentions it. He does his good turn
and forgets it altogether.
A true Muslim seeks knowledge and acts upon it.
He leads a life of diligence, discipline and deep study. He educates his
children well and develop them into good citizens. He tries to create a healthy
atmosphere in his family. He is always respectful to the elder and kind to the
younger. He solves his problems in a very intelligent manner. He tries his best
to understand what is happening in the country. He is clean and pure in thought
and deeds. There is no difference between his actions and preaching. He is
fearless and courageous. He always speaks the truth. He does his duty honestly.
A true Muslim takes great care of the rights of
his fellow beings. He does not deceive others. He always speaks gently and
politely. He is sincere, true and kind at heart. He wins to the hearts of
others by his good dealings. He always fulfill his promise. He is optimist by
nature and never worries himself over trifles. He is a man of rare qualities of
head and heart. He is a symbol of integrity and honesty. Even his worst enemies
admit that he is not purchasable. He is reliable, lovable and sociable. He
guides and directs his fellow beings to do the right. Consideration for others
is the main aim of his life. In short, he proves himself to be what a true
Muslim should be.
QUAID-E-AZAM
"The heights by great men reached and kept
were not attained by sudden flights, for they while their companions slept,
were toiling upward in the night."
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a unique
leader of Indian Muslims. He offered the Muslims and unprecedented leadership.
No one before or after him practiced politics as he did. God had treasured up
all the supreme qualities of a great leader in him. When the Indian Muslims
made up their minds for emancipation, they turned their eyes on Quaid-e-Azam
who cut off the fetters of slavery and brought his people. The gift of freedom
qualities of a great hero by all standards. In other words, his personality was
a beautiful blend of intelligence, determination, faith, morality and valor.
Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born in Karachi on
December 25th 1876. He got his early education in a local Maktab. Then he got
admission in Missionary High School. After that he made to England for
Bar-at-Law. When he was in England, the Muslims besought him to come to India
to lead the procession of the freedom fighters to the ultimate goal. The Quaid
beat back to India and let the Indian Muslims through fire and water to their
destination. The Indian Muslims were placed between fires. The English and the
Hindus. It was the Quaid who freed them from dual slavery.
He worked as a member of Indian National
Congress and later on joined the Muslim League. Then, he made efforts for a
separate homeland of the Indian Muslims. He translated two Nations Theory and
IqbaPs dream into reality. The London times wrote:
"The Hindus and the Indian Muslims have no
religious dispute. It is speculated with the passage of time, religious
superstitions will die out. There are some cultural differences between two
nations. The passing time will bridge this gap also."
Such a comment springing from both the parties.
British Government and the paper awakened the sleeping lions. The Quaid rose to
the occasion and brought both the part.es under his severe censure. He said:
"India is neither a country nor it
inhabitants a nation. This is a sub-continent where many nations live" .
He further said:
"We believe in one God, They believe in
many Gods. We don't have cast system, they have cast system. We can't be
interned nor interline. How can we live together."
This sharp minded, hawk eyed, unflinching and
unyielding man worked day and night for Pakistan. It was due to his leadership,
that the British could not weld the Hindus and the Muslims into one unity.
MY
FAVOURITE POET
Allama Iqbal is our national poet. He was born
at Sialkot on November 9, 1877. He belonged to a respectable Kashmiri family.
One of his forefathers left Kashmir and settled in Sialkot. His father Sheikh
Nur Muhammad was a very pious and religious man. Allama Iqbal inherited
mysticism and deep love of his religion from his parents.
AJIama Iqbal received his early education from
Mission High School, Sialkot and passed Intermediate examination from Murray
College. His teacher Molvi Syed Mir Hassan was one of the most learned and
pious man of his time. Iqbal had the good fortune of studying Arabic, Persian
and lslamiat under the inspiring guidance of his teacher. In one of his poems,
he applauded the love affection and care of his teacher bestowed upon him. Then
he went to Lahore and passed his M.A examination from Government College,
Lahore. He joined the teaching staff of the Govt. College Lahore and served
there for some time.
In 1905, he went to Europe for higher studies in
Philosophy and Law. He did his Ph.D. in Philosophy from Germany and Bar at-Law
from London. He served as a professor of Arabic in London University for six
months. His stay in Europe was of great importance. He was not impressed by the
Western civilization^ He disliked the Western civilization. That is why he
criticized it in his poetry. His hatred is quite prominent in his poems. He
also predicted that the materialistic civilization of the West is to lead them
only towards destruction.
When he returned home, he started law practice
in the Lahore High Court. But he was more interested in poetry than law. Most
of his time, he devoted to poetry philosophy and religion. He aroused the
Muslims through the message of his poetry. In fact, he had great love and
sympathy for the Muslims of India. He wanted to help them. He wrote many poems.
He asked the Muslims of the whole world to unite.
Iqbal presided over the Allahabad Session of the
All-India Muslim League in 1930. Here, he gave us the idea of Pakistan. He said
that the only solution of the problems of the Indian Muslims was a separate
Muslim State. He preached that slavery was greatest curse. The Muslims should
break the chains of slavery. He pointed out the main causes of the degradation
and humiliation of the Muslims in his poems "Shikwa" and
"Jawab-e-Shikwa".
Allama Muhammad Iqbal was a great poet of Urdu
and Persian. He was an inspired and creative poet. He dreamt of a separate
homeland for the Muslims of the Sub-Continent. But he could not live long to
see his dream materialize in the shape of Pakistan in 1947. He died on the 21st
April, 1938. His death was a great loss for the Muslims. He was buried, near
the gate of Shahi Masjid. Lahore. Every year Iqbal Day is celebrated to pay him
homage. May his soul rest in peace.
He wrote many books such as Bangi-i-Dara,
Bal-e-Jabreel, Zarb-e-Kalim, Israr-e-Khudi, Ramuz-e-Bekhudi, Javaid Nama, etc.
COURTESY
Courtesy means to
practice good manners, refined habits and polite behavior. Courtesy, infect
springs from good breeding, nobleness of mind and the gentile heart. Courtesy
works well in all walks of life. To be more precise, to do one's duty in a
consummate manner displays courtesy.
A courteous person is always kind, helpful and
tolerant towards others. At home parents should be loving and kind to their
offspring. The children should be obedient to their elders. An employer should
be caring to his employees, while the employees should be sincere and laborious
to their employer. One should be helpful and considerate to his neighbours. A
citizen should be law abiding and loyal to his country. A teacher should be
humble and sympathetic to his students while they should be respectful and
obedient to their teachers. Good netiquettes also demand that we offer our seat
to an elderly person while traveling on a bus or a train. We should not jump
out of a queue or violate a traffic signal.
The Holy Prophet (SAW) is the paragon of
courtesy in the Islamic History. It was the charisma of his sublime morals that
transformed a barbarous nation into a civilized one. It means that our
courteous acts and polite words can produce wonders. If each one of us acts
upon some simple norms of morality, we may form a great nation that can stand
distinct and successful in the comity of a nation. Someone has very aptly said,
("Goodness begins from courteous hearts').
LIFE IN A BIG CITY
City is one of the most
exciting places to live. Life in a big city is a whirl of activities.
"God made the country and man made the
town"
In the city the life is fast and artificial.
Daily life is ever too busy, and restless. One has to fight against time and
pace cities are the products of civilization.
Life in a big city is an interminable war in
different battle fields. All the necessities and comfort of life are available
to the city people. Everything is within the reach. Life is full of luxuries
and is very mobile.
City has many things to offer from entertainment
and convenience. Most advanced medical facilities are available to the city
dwellers. There is a large numbers of hospitals and clinics in the city. The hospitals
have highly qualified staff and the most expensive and advanced equipments.
Other than the hospitals, there-are numerous pharmacies and medical stores.
"All great art is born of metropolis"
A large number of jobs are available in the
cities. That's why its easier to find a job in the city. Very often people from
the countryside move to the cities in order to find decent jobs. There are many
educational institutions in cities which have a high standard for the students
of all levels. In this way acquisition of knowledge is easier and better in
cities. Excellent universities are present in cities for higher education which
is a big advantage. The people in the cities are well educated. They are more
advanced and enlightened than the people who live in the villages. Skilled
workers and technicians are in great demand.
"A great city is not to be confounded with
a populous one"
The entertainment is the most exciting part
about city life. There are many entertainment facilities for everyone. There
are lots of theaters, amusement parks, restaurants, shopping malls and stores
in the cities. Other than this there are other entertaining venues such as
football, cricket stadiums, arenas and clubs in the cities.
"Recreation
is not only joy but need of a man"
In spite of this, there are wide roads in the
cities with proper signs and signals. There are vast means of transport for the
public that have lessened the distances. Necessities of life are easily
available and in a variety.
"What
is a city, but the people true people are the city"
There is a mad competition of getting material
gains in the cities. Everyone is hypnotized by money and Luxuries. There is no
place for emotions and sentiments. There is a strong contrast in different
areas in the cities. The slum areas are present behind the posh areas. Life in
posh areas is a bed of roses while in slum areas it's a bed of thorns.
"In cities life is heaven for the rich and
hell for the poor"
The smoky atmosphere and the dirty and
insanitary condition of cities because of factories and industries are
pitiable. The lack of pure diet and fresh air are the deficiencies of cities.
Hie poisonous and exhaust gases emitted from the vehicles result in health
problems.
"Today's city is the most vulnerable social
structure ever conceived by man"
Most of the cities are facing the problem of
overpopulation. This is resulting in many other problems such as traffic, lack
of housing facilities and food. Now, cities have unfortunately become very
dangerous and unhealthy places to live. There are higher crime rates in cities
which is a threat to everyone. The rush of traffic and heavy vehicles produce a
lot of noise pollution. At the peak hours the noise of the passing traffic is
so high that one can not even hear the either.
Everything has some drawback and problems are
everywhere but these problems can be solved by honesty, education, awareness
and literacy. But still life in city is very colourful and worth enjoying.
VILLAGE LIFE
City and village life both have its own
attractions and pleasures. Life in a village may seem tough but it still has
its unique charms. Villages are full of natural beauty - Lush green fields,
vast plains, flowing streams are seen everywhere. Mother Nature claims,
everything. The atmosphere is clean and fresh. There is no contamination and no
harmful gases in the air. Thus, life is more peaceful and healthier in
villages.
Man's heart away from nature becomes hard.
Pakistan is predominantly a land of villages. A
major proportion of Pakistani population resides in villages because
agriculture is the main occupation of our people.
A Pakistani village reflects the real picture of
Pakistan. A Pakistani village is the very epitome of Pakistani culture and
tradition. The village life is made up of farm houses, mud houses, uneven dirt
lanes and ponds. Numerous Orchards and gardens of different fruits are found in
the village. The streets are usually narrow and made up of dirt. There is fresh
and pure food available in the villages which areifree from all kinds of
impurities.
Villagers lead a simple contended and happy
life. They get to eat pure, simple but a healthy diet. They live a happiness of
their fellows.
The boy who cried wolf and the villages came out
to help him
Women, in the villages spend their spare time
doing embroidery, decorating their houses, making marvellous handicrafts which
entertain them and also provide financial support. There is a temporary school
in the village where only a single teacher teaches all the classes. The
children sit on the jute mats under the open sky.
The beauty of nature can easily be seen and
felt. The day begins with chirping of the birds and with the musical sound of
morning wind. Rainy season is the most pleasant. The whole atmosphere looks
clear and brilliant. Summer and winter have their own marvels. There is a
season of sowing and harvesting crops in which there is a great hustle and
bustle. Fairs, festivals and marriages are the special occasions for rejoicing
and merry-making. Happiness is what you make it.
"Nothing is good or bad but thinking makes
it so"
They spend a lot of time in the fields as their
major profession is agriculture. They remain busy in their healthy occupations.
In the evening, they sit in the choppal and talk about different local matters.
The farmers take rest during their leisure time under the shady trees. They
work from dawn to dusk and earn an honest living.
"Honesty is the best policy. If I lose my
honour I loose myself."
In villages "choppal" is the meeting
place where elderly people meet in the evening to have their conversation about
the local problems. The life is centered around the big land lord who passes
most of his time either in talking or in settling village disputes. There are
different cultivators in the village such as a blacksmith, a carpenter, a
potter, a barber, a weaver, a physician and a not very qualified teacher.
Recreation is not only joy but need of a man
Life in village is not devoid of its amusements.
Although there are no cinemas, clubs and recreational places in villages, set
one can enjoy long walks in the open fields, valleys and on the banks of
rivers. Very amusing and simple games are played in the village which bring
pleasure in the lives of the villagers.
"Happiness is what you make it."
The villagers are very lively people. Their
liveliness is represented in their songs and stories. Villagers, although poor
are not only hospitable and caring but they also like to share the sorrows.
This is only one side of the picture. Villages
have their drawbacks too. The people lack new and modern facilities. There are
no proper hospitals and medication centers. Due to the lack of quality
education, the illiteracy rate is very high. There are no transportation and communication
facilities. But rural life can be reformed. With a little attention villages
can become the pride of Pakistan and it is hoped that things will change in the
near future.
MY HOBBY
Hobby or Pastime is an activity which a person
performs in his spare or leisure time. It is pursued for relaxation and
pleasure and not as a main occupation. They bring a feeling of joy and
satisfaction to man. Hobbies help us to pass our free time happily as when man
has nothing to do. his mind is like devils one.
"Idle Brain is a devil's works hop."
. And hobbies make us bury. They add zest to
dull and monotonous life. They stimulate the mind and leave an imprint upon
character.-Hobbies enhance creativity and develop our skill, refresh our minds.
These are a source of recreation for retired people as well.
Hobbies indicate the versatility of the
individual. Great men were. well known for their hobbies. Samuel Johnson, the
famous eighteenth century suit and lexicographer loved cats. George Lewis
studied longevity. Gladstone, the Prime Minister of England after dived into
Mathematics. Sir James Jeans was fond of music and Sir Winston Churchill was
fond of painting.
Hobby also provides us information and help us
to solve many problems. My hobby is book reading. In my opinion, this is the
best hobby. It provides us information, gives us relaxation and helps us in
passing our spare time joyfully. A person who adopts this hobby,
In fact, does not need any friend because.
"Books are your best friends"
I have this hobby since my childhood, when I was
quite young, only about six, seven years old. In start, I was very fond of
reading colourful story books and charming poems. I had a great collection of
story books.
But with passage of time, I stopped reading
those books. Now I read all kinds of books, historical books. Islamic books,
books on science and technology, novels and poetic books. Books of poetry have
their entertainment value. Books of travel take us to unknown lands, peoples
and customs.
"Books enlighten our intellect and broaden
our vision."
I have a number of books. Mainly I am interested
in literacy books. Urdu literature is the most interesting. Poetry also appeals
me especially poetry of Iqbal has its own importance. I am also interested in
study of books on latest research work in science and technology as they
increase our information.
I like my all books. I like most my this hobby
because it is not only a source of relaxation but also a source of information.
Whenever I am alone or have nothing to do, I take out any look and started
reading it and my spare time passes joyfully.
Infact all hobbies make life charming and add to
our happiness. They bring us new friends and make us social. But book reading
is a great hobby because.
"Books are of Greatest importance in our
life."
BOY SCOUTS
Boy Scout is a member of the Boy Scouts, and
international movement whose objectives are to develop character, physical
fitness and citizenship of boys. They are trained for the responsibilities of
adult life after through community and outdoor activities. Sir Robert Bader
Powell, a British soldier, started his movement in 1908 in England. Scouting
spread very, fast because of its simple and noble objectives. Now it exists in
more than 140 countries. International rallies called jamborees are held after
every four years.
The boy scouts organization encourages boys to
participate in vigorous outdoor activities. Camping is a regular part of the
scout programme. The programme also stresses the development of skill in
woodcraft, swimming, first aid, signaling and other activities. Scouts are
trained in First Aids, cycling, swimming, cooking, extinguishing fire and other
useful practical arts. They are also taught how to put up tents, make rope
bridges and raise a flag. The boy scouts motto is "Be prepared" and the slogan is
"do a good turn daily".
A boy scout takes an oath first. He tries to
hold fast to his noble promise under all moral values and he fulfils his duties
to God Almighty, to his country and to the suffering people. He is very eager
to help the injured, the needy and the handicapped. He knows that a cheery
smile and a helping hand can make life easier for others.
Moreover, a boy scout has qualities of
leadership. He is firm and noble in command. He is humble and willing in
obedience. He learns useful crafts and skills. He knows basic fats about trees,
hills, rivers and stars. He is efficient in using a knife and axe, in trying
various knots, in cooking food and in pitching a tent. In peace and emergencies
a boy scout shows courage, responsibility and self confidence.
The Boy Scouts grow into loyal and useful
citizens. They, are trained in habits of obedience, cleanliness and
truthfulness. They are taught to be always active and ready for any useful
service which may be required of them, and for which they may be fit. All
scouts are equal, and are brothers and have to take a pledge before they become
a scout to obey a scout law, and to be loyal to the country. A Scout's word is
always to be believed.
A Scout looks very smart in his uniform. He
always carries a rope and a handkerchief and a long stick is always with him
for use in emergencies. Scouts salute by raising the first two fingers of the
right hand to the forehead. In several schools, scout troops have bands of
their own. The scouts render very useful service on great fairs. In short, the
Boys Scouts movement proves useful for the suffering humanity. It creates a
zeal for service and cooperation among boys and youths.
A VISIT
TO A HILL STATION
"The best part of the beauty is that which
no picture can describe".
My love of adventure is natural to me of course,
the degree of love varies from person to person. My adventuresome one nature
promoted me and a cousin of mine suggested to visit Murree Hills. Murree. a
beautiful valley situated between the huge mountains of Himaliya range.
It was almost mid of July when we all cousins
left for Murree. We enjoyed the whole journey from Lahore to Rawalpindi. We
reached Rawalpindi at 10 o' clock. We rested for a while in Rawalpindi and
purchased many things of daily needs.
We reached Murree at 2 p.m. the same day. The
weather was gusty and dusty. The huge masses of clouds appeared in the winking
of an eye. An inky darkness prevails everywhere. Cool wind was blowing Birds
were diving up and down on the waves of cool breeze. And at that time, it
seemed as if:
"Nature is standing in front of us in all
its beauty and grace".
We put up at an old hotel "Sunny
View". After having rested there for a while, we came out to have a view
of Murree hills. The valley below hills looked like a great cup full of flowers
and flowing streams. The beautiful flowers of eye catching colours were dancing
in cool breeze and looking so beautiful, as the poet says;
"See how the flowers as at parade, under
colours stand displayed."
Next day, we walked to Kashmir point and enjoyed
ourselves with its scenic beauty. When it was dark, we made for our hotel. A
gentle shower of rain began to fall. When it started-tipping it down, it also
created a musical sound and that was the beauty and music of nature. After a
while, it started raining cats and dogs and continued till late at night, but
when it was dawn, the rain stopped.
After our breakfast, we went out to see Salmi
Sanitorium. Salmi is a beautiful spot situated in a fine valley. There are
fruit garden on slopes. On our way back, we crossed two fast moving streams.
Their silvery water was clear and cool. The number of glowing colours looked as
much beautiful as:
"The best and most beautiful things in the
world cannot be seen or even touched.
They must be felt with heart." (Hellen
Keller)
Next day. we went to Patriata, early in the
morning. We enjoyed to have a ride of chair-lift. It was an
interesting'experience. Running clouds, blowing breeze and bird eye view of
Murree Hills. It seemed like a dream.
In our ten days visit of Murree Hills, we
enjoyed hiking, and did a lot of shopping from Murree Mall. These moments are
unforgettable for me. Those days were most well-spent days of my life.
Beauty of Murree Hills left a lasting imprint on
screen of my mind. It will be commemorating me of the switching beauty of Murree
forever, because; "A thing of beauty is a joy forever."
Essay(
Memorable Day in My Life)
It was the 27th day of
July and the last day of competition I had participated in the All Pakistan
Software competition. I read the advertisement in the newspaper three months
ago, in which software programmers were invited to send in their software for
the competition. I worked hard for about one month and made the software, which
was then selected by the panel of judges and I was invited to participate in
the event. Now, after three restless days, the event was coming to an end. But,
there was a closing ceremony to come, in which the best programmers were to be
awarded prizes.
I had been waiting for the day with anxiety and
curiosity. I got up early in the morning and prayed to God to grant me success.
I was rather uneasy and restless. My mind was swinging between expectation and
apprehension. It was an inexplicable situation of uneasiness and anticipation.
I was not sure about what to expect. My parents and friends had high
expectations of me. At one moment, I though that I would win but again I feared
if I do not. I knew that there is always an element of chance, how good one may
be. I was in a very disturbed state of mind.
The closing ceremony was yet to commence. The
sand of time was running out. I was getting more and more restless. At last, I
reached the exhibition hall and found my seat amidst the participants. The
ceremony started with the speech of the organizing committee and then that of
the chief guest. They all emphasized on the importance of software development
in the country and measures for its promotions. Finally, the judges were
invited to the dais to announce the best programmers of the competition. At once,
absolute silence covered the audience. At the moment, I still remember that my
legs were trembling and heart throbbing. In less than a minute, the judge
announced the name of the person who had won First Prize in the big event – and
that was me! I was filled with a feeling of greatest joy and excitement. I
thanked God and ran to the stage with every body congratulating me. The chief
Guest handed me the winning shield. I was requested to express a few words
about my success. That was a speechless moment. Filled with emotions and in
high spirits, I thanked God, my parents and all my friends who had helped me in
my achievement.
When I reached home, my parents were exhilarated
with delight and joy as I gave them the good news. My siblings rejoiced my
remarkable attainment. When I informed my friends and relatives them came to
congratulate me. Tea and sweets were served to all. Every body was in a jolly
and happy mood. My mother prepared pleasant edibles for lunch and we dined
altogether. Never before was I so happy.
In the evening, many other relatives and friends
came to congratulate me. My father welcomed them cordially and thanked them for
their kind visits. We passed the whole day cheerfully. In fact, it was the
happiest day of my life, which I shall remember for many years to come.
__________________
10 tips to improve the way you speak English
i.
Observe the mouth movements of those who speak English well
and try to imitate them.
When you are watching television, observe the
mouth movements of the speakers. Repeat what they are saying, while imitating
the intonation and rhythm of their speech.
ii. Until you learn the correct intonation and
rhythm of English, slow your speech down.
If you speak too quickly, and with the wrong
intonation and rhythm, native speakers will have a hard time understanding you.
Don't worry about your listener getting
impatient with your slow speech -- it is more important that everything you say
be understood.
iii.
Listen to the 'music' of English.
Do not use the 'music' of your native
language when you speak English. Each language has its own way of 'singing'.
iv. Use the dictionary.
Try and familiarise yourself with the phonetic
symbols of your dictionary. Look up the correct pronunciation of words that are
hard for you to say.
v. Make a list of frequently used words that you
find difficult to pronounce and ask someone who speaks the language well to
pronounce them for you.
Record these words, listen to them and practice
saying them. Listen and read at the same time.
vi. Buy books on tape.
Record yourself reading some sections of the
book. Compare the sound of your English with that of the person reading the
book on the tape.
vii. Pronounce the ending of each word.
Pay special attention to 'S' and 'ED' endings.
This will help you strengthen the mouth muscles that you use when you speak
English.
viii.
Read aloud in English for 15-20 minutes every day.
Research has shown it takes about three
months of daily practice to develop strong mouth muscles for speaking a new
language.
ix. Record your own voice and listen for
pronunciation mistakes.
Many people hate to hear the sound of their
voice and avoid listening to themselves speak. However, this is a very
important exercise because doing it will help you become conscious of the
mistakes you are making.
x. Be patient.
You can change the way you speak but it won't
happen overnight. People often expect instant results and give up too soon. You
can change the way you sound if you are willing to put some effort into it
Essay
ii Uses
and Abuses of Media
Imagine a city without televisions, radios or
Internet connections. All these media facilities provide people awareness of
what is going on around them. Electronic as well as Print Media is an effective
way of communication as it provides link between ordinary persons and others in
the world. It is only due to newspapers that we can read in the morning about
the events that took place on the other side of the world only the day before.
Besides, electronic media can telecast live happenings from around my corner of
the world. Radio, Television and Internet are inventions that extend across all
areas of internet including weather forecasts, entertainment, educational broadcasts,
business and important political and social events. Companies that want to sell
their products by advertising also make use of media. Media is very important
in the fast moving world, because without media the society would be unaware of
the local and foreign affairs.
Now, we come to the drawbacks of media.
Electronic media is the most unpredictable mean of spreading knowledge among
people. One gets biased and one-sided views through this media and nobody can
rely on truth. Internet was supposed to be used for gaining information from
throughout the world, but only a fraction uses it for information. Rests are
being morally devaluated through the improper and non-religious publishing.
Print media is also playing its role in this regard. Fashion and Movie
Magazines are the main cause of wastage of money and every amidst the young
generation. If a newspaper can be used, it can be misused much easily by
spreading views of one political party and other rumours. Readers should be
careful and judicious in selecting the type of media so that they may keep away
from its harms.
-Women's Rights In Islam
Women
At a time when the rest of the world, from
Greece and Rome to India and China, considered women as no better than children
or even slaves, with no rights whatsoever, Islam acknowledged women's equality
with men in a great many respects. The Qur'an states:
"And among His signs is this: that He
created mates for you form yourselves that you may find rest, peace of mind in
them, and He ordained between you love and mercy. Lo, herein indeed are signs
for people who reflect." [30:21]
Prophet Muhammad(PBUH) said:
"The most perfect in faith amongst
believers is he who is best in manners and kindest to his wife." [Abu
Dawud]
Muslims believe that Adam and Eve were created
from the same soul. Both were equally guilty of their sin and fall from grace,
and both were forgiven by Allah. Many women in Islam have had high status;
consider the fact that the first person to convert to Islam was Khadijah,the
wife of Muhammad, whom he both loved and respected. His favorite wife after
Khadijah's death, AÅ’isha, became renowned as a scholar and one of the greatest
sources of Hadith literature. Many of the female Companions accomplished great
deeds and achieved fame, and throughout Islamic history there have been famous
and influential scholars, jurists and mystics.
With regard to education, both women and men
have the same rights and obligations. This is clear in Prophet Muhammad's
saying:
"Seeking
knowledge is mandatory for every believer." [Ibn Majah]
This implies men and women.
A woman is to be treated as God has endowed her,
with rights, such as to be treated as an individual, with the right to own and
dispose of her own property and earnings, enter into contracts, even after
marriage. She has the right to be educated and to work outside the home if she
so chooses. She has the right to inherit from her father, mother, and husband.
A very interesting point to note is that in Islam, unlike any other religion, a
woman can be an imam, a leader of communal prayer, for a group of women.
A Muslim woman also has obligations. All the
laws and regulations pertaining to prayer, fasting, charity, pilgrimage, doing
good deeds, etc., apply to women, albeit with minor differences having mainly
to do with female physiology.
Before marriage, a woman has the right to choose
her husband. Islamic law is very strict regarding the necessity of having the
woman's consent for marriage. A marriage dowry is given by the groom to the
bride for her own personal use. She keeps her own family name, rather than
taking her husband's. As a wife, a woman has the right to be supported by her
husband even if she is already rich. She also has the right to seek divorce and
custody of young children. She does not return the dowry, except in a few
unusual situations.
Despite the fact that in many places and times
Muslim communities have not always adhered to all or even many of the foregoing
in practice, the ideal has been there for1,400 years, while virtually all other
major civilzations did not begin to address these issues or change their
negative attitudes until the19th and 20th centuries, and there are still many
contemporary civilzations which have yet to do so.
Letter (To Your Friend Requesting Her/Him To
Spend Summer Vacations With You
My Dear Friend,
For a long time we did not correspond with each
other. I hope you are in good health and by the grace of Almighty God I am also
hale and hearty here.
I am especially writing this letter to you for a
particular purpose. My parents have planned to visit some historical places in
Sindh, in the middle of this month. I am ware of the fact that your school has
closed down for summer vacations so how about visiting us in Karachi and
accompanying me with my parents on all excursion. We shall have a topping time
visiting places in Sindh and going out for shooting birds.
I hope you will like my suggestion and let me
know of your programme by return of mail.
Allow me to close my letter here with good
wishes and good luck to you.
Composition 2010
Unforgettable Moments in My Life
There had been many unforgettable moments in my
life. I would like to mention one of these.
Once I was traveling from Karachi to Lahore by
train. I was in first class, so there were only few passengers, with me. At a
particular station, they all got off. Now I was completely alone in the
compartment.
After sometime, a smart lady entered the
compartment and sat next to me. She had a very clever plan to rob me. She said
to me that if I did not hand over all the money to her which I had, she would
complain to the railway police that I had robbed her. When I heard this
dreadful speech I was completely and absolutely pass puzzled. I hit a plan to
save myself from the wicked plan of that lady. I therefore pretended that I was
a deaf and a dumb fellow and requested to write in a piece of page what she
wanted to say. She gladly wrote her demand on the piece of paper and handed it
to me. I change my seat and took the piece of writing. The railway police come
and asked as what the matter was. The women as clever as she was burst into
admits so she told that I had robber her of a thousand rupees. At first he
seemed to believe in her story, but when I gave the piece of writing to the
police, the women turned pale. She was caught red-handed and this way I saved
from her wicked plan.
Pakistan As You See in the 21st Century
When the Muslims of India demanded a separate
homeland for themselves, many people thought that the establishment of Pakistan
was impossible. But Pakistan did come into being. It has not only survived many
difficulties but has also made great progress in every field. Its survival and
development have surprised all.
We would like to see Pakistan at its best in
21st century, in the past years we enabled and demoralize.
Unfortunately, Pakistan has not been politically
very stable. But there is no need for despair. The people Pakistan agree on
fundamental issues and priorities.
In the economic field, hopes must be brighter.
In 1947, we were a poor agricultural country growing a few crops. Very soon our
country began to be industrialized. Its dependence on agriculture would be
lessened.
Pakistan has taken a very short period in
becoming a semi-industrial country. This fact gives us the hope that there
would be even faster development in the coming years. We have step in computer
world and the other modern technology and expected that in 21st century the
computer will be the part of every department even the advancement is expected
because the new coming generation is comparatively more intelligent than
before. The modern schools and institutions are preparing the staff better than
the before. We have already entered in manufacturing of many modern electronic
equipment in future like in 21st century Insha Allah Pakistan will send
settelite in space. Pakistani scientist will conquer the space. As the Allama
Iqbal saying there is more world after the stars.
All these hopes are not just wild dreams. They
have a solid foundations. They are founded on the fact that people of Pakistan
are intensely devoted to their country. They want to make it a great country
and for this, they are ready to make every effort and sacrifice. Moreover, they
are true Muslims with firm faith in Allah.
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"/extensions/GoogleAdSense/GoogleAdSense.css";
Importance of Science As a Subject in Curriculum
The nature has many secrets buried in it. It is
the science which has scratched the mask from the face of nature. Science has
always helped the man in every chamber of life. The importance of science as a
subject in school curriculum can be understood from the fact that science acts
as a pillar in the man's knowledge and when the youths are provided with this
pillar from the very beginning, they are sure to be successful. Through this
subject students are able to know the process going on in nature. The
understanding of science gives the students the actual concept of phenomenon
that is what is going on behind a particular process. The students can make a
great increment in their knowledge by having a deep study on science, so that
they are able to know the general activities.
Hence the science is a very useful guide which
introduces the students with the techniques of nature.
A Picnic
We were given a special holiday after our annual
prize distribution. So me and my friends made a programme and set out
accordingly for the picnic at the beach in the morning. We reached there at 9'O
clock. We unpacked our things in a hut. My friends wanted to go for boating so
we hired a boat to carry us to the island of Manora. We decided to do fishing
so we all started with great hopes but only a small quantity of fish was
caught. We reached the island after enjoying ourselves on the sea. We cooked
the fish and enjoyed a grand lunch. In the evening we had tea and spent a good
time till the sunset.
We waded in water. Waves after waves were coming
and passing us finally splashing on land. We also rode the horses and camels,
it was very exciting.
The scene of the setting sun was really superb.
As the sun sank we packed our things and after few minutes were back with the
memories of the whole day to cur heart' desire.
Importance of Trees
Trees and plants are living things. They grow
form seed and after a training maturity they die. Trees are of significant
importance for us. We cannot under estimate their value in our surroundings.
Trees adorn our surroundings. They produce oxygen without which we cannot live.
They are source of fruits and cereals for us. Trees provide us wood which we
use in building houses and furniture. Wood of trees is used as fuel. They play
vital role in changing climate of a region. Many useful medicines are prepared
from herb and plants for removing our ailments. Trees are a bounty for us and
we should grow them where ever we can.
Life in a Big City
"God made country Men made the
town."
Pakistan is a land of diverse beauty with 70% of
her population living in villages spread all over the land and the rest live in
cities and towns.
Life in city is very fast and busy one. Take
life of people in big cities like Karachi, Lahore, Rawal Pindi or Peshawar. It
is of course, not free from tension, worries and problems. The main problems
are urbanization, housing, transport, shortage of water and pollution. People
living in big cities do not get pure food like milk, butter, cheese and curd.
They gets stale vegetables to eat. Another deadly and frightening problem that
has recently waled freely into big cities is terrorism. This problem has shaken
the mind and disturbed the peace of every citizen.
People living in big cities are generally
selfish and self centered. They do not fellow feelings in them. The population
is divided into classes the rich, middle class and the poor.
Although there are better opportunities and
scope for education, health and jobs in a big city but as a whole life in a big
city is full of hazards, problems, corruption and crimes.
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My Favourite Hobby
A hobby can be almost anything a person like to
do in his spare time. Because the "Idle Mind is Devil's workshop"
therefore those who have developed a hobby never need to worry about what to do
with their newly founded leisure hours.
Every person in the world has a hobby of his
own. There are many kinds of hobbies such as gardening, stamp collecting,
hiking, coin collecting, photography, listening to music and so forth. Girls to
pursue some hobbies. Their hobbies differ from those of the boys. Girls mostly like
hobbies such as cooking, stitching dresses, painting and listening to music.
Among all the hobbies mentioned above I like
painting. It is a subtle hobby. Whenever I get time I sit down with my paint
box, canvas, brushes and paint beautiful landscape. My hobby does not infringe
on the rights of other people. It is not a noisy hobby like music. I can also
earn money by selling my paintings to lover of fine arts. My hobby fills my
heart with joy and colours and there it is my favourite hobby.
Sir Wilham Osler said:
"No man is really happy or
safe without a hobby."
Health is Wealth
No one can deny the fact that healthy man live
happily. Money or wealth cannot give a person all the happiness of life as
health can. A person may have wealth, cars, servants at his service and a big
house to life in cannot enjoy all these blessings without a good health. Where
as a person with small income, with no servant for work and small house to live
in but a healthy body enjoy a fuller life in the world.
For good health and for looking younger and
living longer one must follow few good principles of life. To remain healthy we
should eat balance diet. Take little exercise everyday. Let not worries crowd
our mind and shake our nervous system. We should not allow ill thoughts bring
agony to our mind. We should live in clear and neat surrounding. We must become
early risers and never go to bed very late.
Good health is a precious thing and every step
must be taken to guard it. Early to bed early to rise makes all men healthy,
wealthy and wise.
My Aim in Life
Every one has an aim in life but those who do
not have are dull souls and they curse their life for all time. In other words
we can say a person without an aim in life is like a car without a driver.
People have different aims in life. Some aspire to become rich, some like to
become doctor, engineers, business men, executives in a big company, banker,
lawyer, musician, artist and so forth.
I desire to lead a life different from others. I
don't crave fro wealth not like to serve people as doctor or like who say that
they want to become a teacher and spread light and knowledge.
My ambition in life may sound odd to you. I like
to become a comedian. It is not an easy task to become a comedian. Only one
person out of million can become a good comedian. People in our country
belonging to different class and age live a very depressed life. All have
problems and they give me a gloomy look. I I can become a comedian and make my
people cheerful or bring some happy moments in their sad life. i think I would
have really rendered great service to my nation. After Lehri, we have two such
people like Moen Akhter and Omer Sharif in our country who made sad people's
life cheerful. I always dream to become a great comedian and pray to God to
help me fulfill my goal in life.
A Street Accident
I read about road accidents in newspaper every
day. They bring agony to our mind and also to the relatives of victims, but
till the day I had not seen an accident with my own eyes. By God what a terrible
sight it was!
It was in the short hour of one evening I was
going along Burns Road to buy a pen for my examination which was going to
commence next week. At Denso Hall I was waiting for the traffic to clear off so
that I could safely cross the road. A bus was also running along the road and
it was trying to overtake a private car a head of it. All of a sudden driver
lost the control of steering and rammed against a horse carriage. The driver of
the hackney carriage fell down and the bus crushed him. The passengers in the
hackney carriage escaped death with some injuries. The horse was also badly
wounded and it was looking for his master. The injured were rushed immediately
to a nearby hospital.
People gathered at the scene of accident. Some
showing sympathy for the victim, some abusing the bus driver and some advising
others to be very careful while on a road.
I left the scene with a sorrowful heart for the
driver of the carriage who unfortunately lost his life in that accident.
Responsibilities of a Good Student
Students are the future hopes of any country.
Much development and progress of the country depends upon them. Students are
the backbone of a nation.
There are many responsibilities of a good
student. The major one is that he/she should take keen interest in his/her
studies. Moreover good student should also take part in games as "All work and no
paly make Jack a dull boy." Besides
this student should also take part in the scout activities so as to help other
fellow students.
A good student should also make effort to
develop the sense of responsibility in other fellow mates. He/She should also
try to keep his/her locality clean.
A good student should be loyal and obedient to
the teachers because "Obedience
is the key to the door of success."
A good student must know the true meaning of
trust, self esteem, obedience and confidence. MOreover a good student should
always keep away from the politics of big power.
Computer a Curse or Blessing
Computer is a modern and best invention in the
world. As the time goes on computer goes on developing. computer is used in
industries, offices, schools and research work. We can get all information
through the Internet. Today computers are found every where.
Here are the few examples of areas in which
computers are used. computer helps in offices to store all kind of information
and we take back information from its memory as we require. Computer makes
calculations of all sorts, prepare business letters and books. Computer is used
in billing departments. Airlines and Railways use computer Technology in making
tickets for the passenger, keeping and updating the departure and arrival
timings of planes and trains.
Computers are being used to conduct lessons for
all subject, students are learning through computers by reading as well as
seeing diagrams on screen. Computer are helping the doctors to detect disease
and keep information about patient.
Everything has its advantages as well as
disadvantages. The workers which works in factories and industries are no more
needed because of automatic processing and work in these factories and
industries thus creating deficiencies in job opportunitie
Applicatoins
To Principal Asking
Permission for Visiting Pakistan Steel Mills and Making Necessary Arrangement
for Transport
The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: PERMISSION TO VISIT PAKISTAN STEEL
MILLS.
Dear Sir,
With due respect, I beg to say that the
students of our class wanted to visit Pakistan Steel Mills Karachi. We shall be
accompanied by three of our senior teachers. This trip will be a beneficial
trip for us, from which we can make increment in our knowledge by watching how
machines actually work. We can also pick a valuable information for the
forth-coming technical exhibition.
We will be grateful to you if you allow us to
visit Pakistan Steel Mills and make necessary arrangements for transport.
Thanking
You.
Your's faithfully,
Students of Class X
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal Asking for Character Certificate
The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR CHARACTER CERTIFICATE.
Respected
Sir,
I have the honour to inform you that I have
passed the Matric with A Grade from your school. Now for taking admission in
the college I shall need a character certificate.
I, therefore, request you to issue me a
character certificate. I'll be grateful to your this act of kindness.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal for Sick Leave
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Clifton,
Karachi.
SUBJECT: APPLICATION FOR SICK LEAVE.
Respected
Madam,
I am a student of class IX of your school
and has been suffering from cold and fever since yesterday.
I am under treatment of my family doctor who has
advised me bed rest for two more days.
In the light of my aliment, I would request to
grant me sick leave for three days and for this act of your's I shall remain
ever grateful to you.
Thanking you once again for your favour.
Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal Asking Him for the Transfer Certificate
To,
The Headmistress,
X-Y-Z School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR TRANSFER CERTIFICATE.
Respected
Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in
class IX at present, I feel extremely sorry to inform you that I shall not be
able to prolong my studies in your esteemed school as my father is leaving with
all the members of his family to Oman in connection with a job.
Therefore under the above circumstances, I would
request you to issue me a Transfer Certificate which will enable me to seek
admission in a school in Oman.
Thanking You for your anticipation in this
regard.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
== To the
Headmistress Requesting Her to Grant Your Leave of Absence for Six Days for
Attending Marriage Ceremony of Your Cousin.
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Hyderi,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST TO GRANT LEAVE TO ATTEND
MARRIAGE CEREMONY.
Respected
Madam,
I am writing to inform you that marriage of
my cousin is going to be solemnized on 11th September 1998 at Hyderabad.
My parents and other relatives are leaving for
Hyderabad on 6th September, 1998 to attend the marriage.
Therefore Madam, I would request you to grant me
leave of absence from 6th September, 1998 till 12th September, 1998 of the same
month so that I can join the happy celebrations in traditional style.
Thanking You for act of kindness in this regard.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
To
Headmistress of Your School Requesting Her to Grant a Concession in School Fee
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR THE CONCESSION IN FEE.
Respected
Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in
class IX. I am very keen to continue with my study but the financial condition
of my family is very poor and it is becoming a hinderance.
My father is a school teacher and earns a very
little amount from his work. More over due to inflation it has become difficult
for my father to afford my education.
Madam, from the school record you will find that
I have obtained excellent marks in S.S.C part 1 and hope to pass in grade A-1
in final part of same examination.
In the light of the above circumstances, I would
request you to grant me concession in my school fee.
Thanking You for your anticipation in this
regard.
Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.
10 class applications, matric applicatoins
To Principal Asking Permission for Visiting
Pakistan Steel Mills and Making Necessary Arrangement for Transport
The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: PERMISSION TO VISIT PAKISTAN STEEL
MILLS.
Dear Sir,
With due respect, I beg to say that the
students of our class wanted to visit Pakistan Steel Mills Karachi. We shall be
accompanied by three of our senior teachers. This trip will be a beneficial
trip for us, from which we can make increment in our knowledge by watching how
machines actually work. We can also pick a valuable information for the
forth-coming technical exhibition.
We will be grateful to you if you allow us to
visit Pakistan Steel Mills and make necessary arrangements for transport.
Thanking You.
Your's faithfully,
Students of Class X
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal Asking for Character Certificate
The Principal,
X-Y-Z School, Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR CHARACTER CERTIFICATE.
Respected
Sir,
I have the honour to inform you that I have
passed the Matric with A Grade from your school. Now for taking admission in
the college I shall need a character certificate.
I, therefore, request you to issue me a
character certificate. I'll be grateful to your this act of kindness.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal for Sick Leave
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Clifton,
Karachi.
SUBJECT: APPLICATION FOR SICK LEAVE.
Respected
Madam,
I am a student of class IX of your school
and has been suffering from cold and fever since yesterday.
I am under treatment of my family doctor who has
advised me bed rest for two more days.
In the light of my aliment, I would request to
grant me sick leave for three days and for this act of your's I shall remain
ever grateful to you.
Thanking you once again for your favour.
Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
To the
Principal Asking Him for the Transfer Certificate
To,
The Headmistress,
X-Y-Z School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: NEED FOR TRANSFER CERTIFICATE.
Respected
Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in
class IX at present, I feel extremely sorry to inform you that I shall not be
able to prolong my studies in your esteemed school as my father is leaving with
all the members of his family to Oman in connection with a job.
Therefore under the above circumstances, I would
request you to issue me a Transfer Certificate which will enable me to seek
admission in a school in Oman.
Thanking You for your anticipation in this
regard.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
4th September, 1998
== To the Headmistress Requesting Her to Grant
Your Leave of Absence for Six Days for Attending Marriage Ceremony of Your
Cousin.
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Hyderi,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST TO GRANT LEAVE TO ATTEND
MARRIAGE CEREMONY.
Respected
Madam,
I am writing to inform you that marriage of
my cousin is going to be solemnized on 11th September 1998 at Hyderabad.
My parents and other relatives are leaving for
Hyderabad on 6th September, 1998 to attend the marriage.
Therefore Madam, I would request you to grant me
leave of absence from 6th September, 1998 till 12th September, 1998 of the same
month so that I can join the happy celebrations in traditional style.
Thanking You for act of kindness in this regard.
Your's Obediently,
X-Y-Z.
To
Headmistress of Your School Requesting Her to Grant a Concession in School Fee
To,
The Headmistress,
ABC High School,
Saddar,
Karachi
SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR THE CONCESSION IN FEE.
Respected Madam,
I am a student of your school studying in
class IX. I am very keen to continue with my study but the financial condition
of my family is very poor and it is becoming a hinderance.
My father is a school teacher and earns a very
little amount from his work. More over due to inflation it has become difficult
for my father to afford my education.
Madam, from the school record you will find that
I have obtained excellent marks in S.S.C part 1 and hope to pass in grade A-1
in final part of same examination.
In the light of the above circumstances, I would
request you to grant me concession in my school fee.
Thanking You for your anticipation in this
regard.
Your Obedient Student,
X-Y-Z.
Matric
notes, 10 class LETTERS
To Uncle Thanking Him for the Birthday
Present
Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear Uncle,
I
received your telegram full of blessings and a parcel delivered to me by a
postman containing a beautiful Omega watch.
Your present reminds me of your deep affection
that you have in your heart for me. I liked the watch you has sent for me. I
really needed a watch this time. How nice of you that you have fulfilled my
need. I shall consider it a precious thing like a diamond. It will also make me
punctual.
Uncle I missed you very much in the happy
occasion of my birthday. I have taken many photographs and will send some of the
prints to you.
My letter is getting long. Allow me to close my
letter here.
With regards an good wishes to you.
Your's affectionately
X-Y-Z
To Your
Friend Requesting Him To Lend Camera To You
Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear friend,
I hope
you will be fine and by the grace of Almighty God I am also in good health and
spirit.
I am accompanying my parents to some sight
seeing places in Thatta, Hyderabad and Khairpur. I need a good camera for
taking photograph while on tour.
I know that you own a Maya Camera. So could you
please lend me your camera for few days.
I will take at most care of it while it will be
in my custody and shall return you to its original condition.
I hope you will not turn down my request when I
will come in a day or two to collect it from you.
With regards an good wishes to you.
Your Sincere Friend,
X-Y-Z
To Your
Friend Requesting Her/Him To Spend Summer Vacations With You
Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear Friend,
For a long time we did not correspond with each
other. I hope you are in good health and by the grace of Almighty God I am also
hale and hearty here.
I am especially writing this letter to you for a
particular purpose. My parents have planned to visit some historical places in
Sindh. In middle of this month. I am ware of the fact that your school has
closed down for summer vacations so how about visiting us in Karachi and
accompanying me with my parents on all excursion. We shall have a topping time
visiting places in Sindh and going out for shooting birds.
I hope you will like my suggestion and let me
know of your programme by return of mail.
Allow me to close my letter here with good
wishes and good luck to you.
Your's affectionately
X-Y-Z
To Your
Friend Inviting Her/Him On Your Birthday Party
Examination Hall,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear Friend,
I heard that you have returned from States
recently. How was your stay there. Your sister wrote to me several letters and
I promptly replied to her.
Any how let me come to the point of my letter. I
am celebrating my fourteenth birthday on 28th of December. I have invited
almost all friend whom you know very well. The venue of the party is my
residence and time is 5 pm.
May I take this opportunity to informally invite
you to attend my birthday party on date and time mentioned as above.
We shall have a topping time and it will be a
great pleasure for me to feel your presence at the party.
I shall eagerly be looking forward to your
attending my birthday party.
With good wishes and good luck to you.
Your's affectionately
X-Y-Z
To Your Friend Telling Him Your Inability to Join
Him On A Picnic
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
Dear Friend,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you are enjoying the best of health. I am
also enjoining the life by the grace of Almighty Allah.
Last week you dropped me a letter in which
you've invited me to join you on a picnic point. Truly I am very much in the
favour of this invitation but due to an appointment with my family physician I
cannot give my time to you. I do believe that we will have a joyous time but as
my health is not so progressive that's why I am not in a state to join you on
the picnic. Sorry for refusing and hurting your feelings.
I do hope that you will forgive me. Give my regards
to your parents.
Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z
To Your Friend Telling Him About Your Hobby
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My dear Nomee,
I am well here and hopping the same for you.
Last week you dropped me a letter in which you
asked me about my hobby. My hobby is making models of aircraft. Aero-modeling
is an interesting hobby to me because when you think over new techniques during
modeling, your mind is pushed towards the creative work and new ideas re
developed. Aero-modeling can also be a paying hobby. We can send some of our
best models for competition and not only get prizes but also get a good name.
I think this is enough. Now I will finish my
letter. Give my regards to your parents.
Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z
To Your Father Asking for Money To Buy New
Uniform and Books
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
Dear Father,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you will be fine. I am well too by the
grace of Almighty Allah.
I've written this letter because I urgently need
a sum of money. As you know that I've passed my S.S.C part I Exams and now I am
in class X. I shall have to may my admission fees and also buy necessary books
and uniform. I shall need about one thousand rupees. I hope you will not mind
sending me this amount of money.
I hope you are enjoying the best of health.
Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z
To Your
Friend Inviting Him to Spend Summer Vacations With You
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
Dear Friend,
I am well here and hopping the same for you.
As you know that our vacations has started. I've
written this letter to invite you to spend your vacations with me in Karachi.
It will be a great pleasure for me. We shall be visiting different places in
Karachi in which includes Clifton, Aladdin Park, Sindbad and many other such
places. I assure you that this will be an enjoyable experience for you.
I hope you will think over my request. Give my
wishes to your parents.
Your Loving Friend,
X-Y-Z
To Your Father Asking Him To Send Some Money For
Buying Books
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear Father,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Many thanks for your kind letter which I
received sometimes back. I was very much please to read it. My result was
declared one week ago. You will be glad to know that I have come out
successful. I have stood third in my class. I am now in class IX in which news
books have been prescribed. These are very costly and I have to buy them all.
As classes will start from the next month I would need some money immediately
for the purchase of books.
Kindly, therefore send Rs.1000/- by money order
as soon as possible. So that I may buy these articles with out delay.
All is Ok. Please convey my compliments to all
the members of the family and love to Mummy.
With best wishes.
Your Loving Daughter,
X-Y-Z
To
Younger Brother, Advising Him to Take Part In Games
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
My Dear Brother,
Assalam-o-Alaikum,
Hope you are in the midst of good health and
everyone at home is hale an hearty. I was pained to hear from your friend that
you do not take part in games in your school. Oh! dear brother do not forget
that all work and no play makes you a dull boy. For achieving good results in
your studies you must also developed good body besides a brilliant mind. Games
will keep you fit and help you too in your studies. So please do take part in
sports arranged at your school.
I hope you will follow my good advice and act
upon it.
Allow me to close my letter here with best
wishes to you.
Your affectionately,
X-Y-Z
To Editor Complaining About Load-Shedding
Examination Hall,
A-B-C Road,
Karachi.
4th September, 1998
The Editor,
X-Y-Z News,
Karachi.
Subject: Complaint for Load-Shedding
Venerable Sir,
Will you please oblige me by allowing some space
for my letter in the columns of your Daily ----
I live in one of the commercial area of
F.B.Area. The most pressing problem which the resident of my area are facing is
load shedding. Electricity does not come seven hours in a day. This whole
locality is emersed in darkness soon after sunset. Students can't read and
thieves take advantage from this situation.
Hoping for a positive anticipation by the
concerned authorities in the crying need of my area.
Your's sincerely,
X-Y-Z,
Resident of F.B.Area.
The
Man Who Wins
Central
Idea
Though the poet for this poem is anonymous
but it breathes out the moral that we should produce in us a strong will power,
self-confidence and positive attitude towards life. Once we decides upon an
objective and has the will to do something suiting our natural aptitude and use
our energies in attaining it, we can work wonders and will surely achieve it.
Summary
This poem emphasizes upon the importance of good
thoughts and will power. It is written by an anonymous poet.
It is rightly said that man who thinks can win.
Conversely, if your thinking is pasimistic and less practical than it will give
negative impression on your deeds. If you want to do something but your
thinking is negative, than you will left behind in the race of life.
Our way of actions, way of efficiency depends on
the thinking. We always find this rule every where. According to the poet the
germs of a personality are the power to get rid of any kind of complexes,
widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence.
Life is a kind of war. You have to fight every
time while you are living your life. A man with strong will and good thoughts
can win over this battle. Strengths of mind and integrity of thoughts are keys
of success.
"One
can never achieve anything lasting in this world by being irresolute."
Question and Answers
Q.1 Express line 3 and 4 of the first stanza in
your own sentences?
Ans. The poet has conveyed a very powerful
message through these lines that if you have good facilities to do something
but if your thinking is negative, you will fail to do it. If your thinking is
pasimistic and less practical you will get the result in the same way.
Q.2 What according to the poet qualities needed by a person to get success in
life?
Ans. The poet has given a good description of the gems of a perfect
personality. Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and
complete faith and self-confidence are the basic pillars of success. By these
qualities men can struggle with the resistance of life.
Q.3 What are the results according to the poet brought by high thoughts?
Ans. The poet has explained the advantages of high thoughts in a very
convincing way that widening of thoughts provides spiritual power to us.
Strength of mind and integrity of thoughts are the real rewards of high
thoughts. If a person thinks high he can win over the battle of life.
Q.4 What is the message of the poem "The Man who Wins"?
Ans. The poem "The Man Who Wins" discloses the secret of success in
life by telling the importance of good, thoughts and will power. Power to
overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and
self-confidence are the gems of perfect personality. By thinking high a man can
winover the battle of life.
The Customs of
Various Regions of Pakistan
Question
and Answers
Q.1 What sort of people are the Pathans and
food of what kind do they like?
Ans. Pathans are enthusiastic warriors and
extremities of weather and climate have made them physically very strong. They
are famous for their hospitality and men power is taken as their pride in the
community. Roast Mutton and spicy tongue are specially like by them.
Q.2 How and why does a tribes man announce the birth of a son?
Ans. A tribes man fires with the rifle to make the birth of son known publicly.
He does so because the birth of son is regarded a blessing for them. Men power
is taken as their pride in the community.
Q.3 Why is the Punjab called the seat of learning?
Ans. The Punjab is called the seat of learning because centuries ago, many
educational, institutions flourished in this region and their import is still
continue in the form of schools, colleges and universities. Taxila University,
flourished two thousand and five hundred years ago gives a healthy proof that
Punjab has always been a seat of learning.
Q.4 Where do the Punjabi farmers sit in the evening?
Ans. The Punjabi farmers sit in Chopals in the evening. They discuss about the
weather and crops and also solve their disputes. They also enjoy songs and
dances i.e. chopals gathering provides them recreation.
Q.5 What is the result of extreme weather on the lives of Balochis? Why Balochies
lead simple nomadic life?
Ans. The extremities of weather unable the Balochis to lead their lives in just
one place. They move from place to place in order to escape from the calamities
of season. Their daily life is badly effected by weather.
Q.6 Describe a Balochi wedding?
Ans. A Balochi wedding ceremony is to be very joyous and jubilant which
provides a joy to the guest. Men and women dance to the lively beat of drums
which is considered to be the main heritage of the wedding. The groom feasts
his own and bride's guests.
Q.7 How old is the civilization of valley of
Mehran and name the university existed that time?
Ans. The Valley of Mehran is one of the ancient
civilization of the world which had life in 2500 B.C. It's ancient city
Moen-jo-Daro's ruins speak of the highly developed society that existed there
about 5000 years ago. The University of Taxila existed that time.
Q.8 Who are the famous saints of Sindh?
Ans. Lal Shahbaz Qalander and Shah Abdul Latif
Bhitai are the famous saints of Sindh. These mystic poets and saints preached
the message of Allah in a very convincing way. Their poetry is an important
aspect of our culture.
Q.9 What are the famous crafts of Sindh?
Ans. Most of the crafts of Sindh emerged from the embroidery which is praised
all over the country as well as in foreign countries. These handicrafts include
dresses embroided with silk thread, beads and mirror. Mirror work is also done
on purses and cushions.
Q.10 How are the marriages arranged and wedding ceremonies performed among
Pathans?
Ans. The Pathans believe in arranged marriages which are done by their elders.
Wedding ceremonies are celebrated with great vehemence in which guests make
rhythmical movement to the beats of drum.
Q.11 Why is the Punjab called "Heart of Pakistan"/
Ans. Quaid-e-Azam declared Punjab as "Heart of Pakistan" because of
its geographical and knowledge importance. It is a land of five rivers and seat
of learning. The religious glimpse in the region is cleared from the fact that
shrines of saints and holy men the living glory of Pakistan.
Q.12 What is an Urs and how it is celebrated?
Ans. Urs is the death or birth anniversary of mystic poets which is celebrated
in a religious manner. People gather at the shrines and sing devotional songs.
They attend the fairs connected with these urs.
Q.13 What is the importance of culture?
Ans. This lesson emphasizes upon the importane of culture for any nation. For
any civilization called cultured is an important thing. As it is said that
"A person without a heritage is just like a fiddler sitting on an inclined
roof."
Q.14 What is sandy and where it is used?
Ans. Sandy is sort of coal store which is used
in extreme cold weather. Sandy with a little burning coal in the middle of the
room which provide heat to the people. This instrument is common in
Baluchistan.
'Q.15 Write the main theme of this lesson?
Ans. This lesson tells us the fact that Pakistan
is very rich in diversities of custom. It shows us that how people of different
regions of our country lead their lives in connection with their customs. This
cultural legacy is the basic identity of Pakistan.
Q.16 What do you know about Pakistani culture?
Ans. Pakistani culture comprises of different
colourful customs which include religious festivals, lively marriage
celebrations, arts and handicrafts. Pakistani culture is also embroided with
the thread of simplicity and hospitality. This collective manifestation of
customs and traditions mostly emerged from history which re the basic identity
of Pakistan.
Fill in the Blanks
1. The birth of a son is therefore, regarded as
a great blessing for the family.
2. The Pathans of the north are steady and
warlike.
3. People from all over the country participate
in the "URs" and sing devotional songs.
4. They will protect a visitor at the cost of
their own lives.
5. The favourite food of the people is meat.
6. Roast mutton and Chapli Kababs are popular
dishes.
7. Most festivals in Sindh, as in Punjab are of
religious nature.
8. Sheep are bred in large herds on the green
slopes of the northern regions.
9. The rock area is mostly barren.
10. The ancient city of Moen-jo-Daro dates back
to 2500 BC.
Idioms
1. To see eye to eye with someone: To have the same
opinion, or to agree with
Example: Management seldom see eye to eye with
Labour.
Sentence: The opposition saw eye to eye when
the Government is passing the bill against 8th amendment.
2. To turn a deaf ear to: To pay no attention to
Example: The employee kept pleading his case but
the manager turned a deaf ear to it.
Sentence: Paksitan has raised Kashmir issue
several times in the United Nations but it had turned a deaf ear to it.
3. A black sheep: A bad character in an other
wise good group
Example: Our school has produced very good
citizens but there are black sheep too.
Sentence: We should point at the black sheep of
the society.
4. To take to task: To call to account, to
blame, to rebuke
Example: Those who are corrupt will have to be
taken to task of their doings.
Sentence: The manager was taken to task of his
mis-dealings in the accounts of bank.
5. Far and wide: over a large area.
Example: This tour will take you over far and
wide of the country.
Sentence: People from far and wide places came
to see to newly born baby of the Kangaroo in the zoo.
6. At large: at liberty, or free.
Example: The politician is popular at large.
Sentence: People at large condemned the opening
of wine shops in their locality.
There's
A Good Time Coming
Summary
Reference
This poem is written by Charles Mackay
(1814-1889), a Scottish song writer. He was born in Perth. His mother died
while he was an infant. He went to school in Brussels in 1828 and began writing
verses in both English and French in 1880. He returned to London and worked for
the "Morning Chronicle" till 1884 and then became editor of
"Argus". Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still
live, Mackay wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all
round journalist.
Theme
"Hope
Sustains the World."
Summary
This poem is written by an Scottish poet
Charles Mackay. This poem exhibits the strong assurity of the poet, being
optimistic and religious that there once will day when everyone will enjoy the
basic rights. The good time will prevail. The whole world regardless of area.
Destructive weapons which are used to prove the truth shall be replaced by the
good thoughts. The power of pen will exceed the power of sward i.e. the power
will be used in positive spin.
Everyone will be free to enjoy his basic rights.
The people will be respected on the virtue of their worth. There will be no
extra support to walk over the ladder of life. Moral values like merit,
privileges will hold the ground in that time.
It would be such an ideal time that no body will
praise the wars to protect the material comb. The people will disgust the war
because of unfairness and injustice.
In the end the poet has tied the hopes with
humanity that by working together we can revolutionize the whole world and can
bring the ideal future closer.
Central
Idea
The Central Idea of this poem is that an era
is to come with there will be no war because there will be a radical change in
the outlook of people and nations. The poet Charles Mackay is optimistic that
in future nations will agree to code of national behaviour humanity will emerge
from the dark nights of wars and destructions and hail down of a new better era
of peace and prosperity.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about the poet
"Charles Mackay"?
Ans. Charles Mackay (1814-1889) was born in
Scotland. In London, he worked for the "Morning Charnicle" till 1884
and then became editor of "Argus". Besides his extremely popular
songs, some of which still alive and he wrote books on travel, history and
biography and was a good all round journalist.
Q.2 Do you agree with the poet that a good time
is coming?
Ans. Yes, I agree with the poet that a good time
is coming. He rightly said that if we worked together, we can bring the ideal
future closer in which truthfulness, peace, Justice and merit will prevail all
around the World. s poet tries to explain in his poem that even the lightest
deeds dome with sincerity will produce the result naturally.
Q.3 What future does the poet promise for us?
Ans. Charles Mackay being optimistic promises an
ideal future for us where there will be complete peace in the World. Good
thoughts will be the most strongest weapon to protect the privileges and
intellectuals will be the fighter instead of sword. Moral values like merit,
worth will hold the ground in that time and people will regard wars as
disgusting because of unfairness.
Q.4 Does poet expect us to make some effort of
achievement?
Ans. Yes, Charles Mackay has tied strong hopes
to us and by giving an initiative, he has asked us to bring the ideal future
closer to us. According to poet it is our duty to make our combined efforts to
get this goal in a positive and constructive way. In this way we can
revolutionize the whole World.
Making A Summary
Question
and Answers
Q.1 Give the Summary of
the Lesson.
Ans. We use summary to express lengthy material
in short steps. A good summary is generally one third of the length. Precise
must not look like a collection of disjointed sentences nor should any
important or beautiful idea of the original be left. For making a precise, we
should keep five skills in mind among which generalizing of ideas is an initial
step. Selection of related ideas, compression of lengthy sentences, use of
indirect narration and reference of the author counts very much in
Precise-writing.
Q.2 What is the significance of Precise-Writing?
Ans. The significance of Precise-writing is
clear from the fact tht in this fast moving world, one could not pace up with
the advancement of the world, so the man of this century depends mostly upon
precise. It is the easiest way to get information at length in shortest
possible time by average reading.
Q.3 What are the steps involved in
Precise-Writing?
Ans. Precise-writing is used to express prolong
material in short steps. A perfect precise can be produced by the combination
of five steps among which use of indirect narration and compression of lengthy
material are important. The other steps are selection of related ideas,
generalizing of ideas and reference of the author.
Grammar
1. Give One General Word
1. Football, Cricket, Hockey, Volley ball -
Games/Sports
2. Tables, Chairs, Sofas, Cupboards - Furniture
3. Snakes, Crocodiles, Lizards - Reptiles
4. Lions, Bears, Tigers - Beasts
5. Sheep, Goats, Horses, Camels, Donkeys -
Cattles
2.
Compress into One Word
1. That which cannot be done - Impossible
2. That which cannot be eaten - Inedible
3. That which cannot be described -
Indescribable
4. That which cannot be conquered - Invincible
5. That which cannot be read - Illegible
6. That which cannot be seen - Invisible
7. That which cannot be avoided - Inevitable
3.
Indirect Speech
1. "She is lonely", they say
Indirect: They say that she is lonely.
2. "Could it be mended"? they asked.
Indirect: They asked if it could have been
mended.
3. "Open the suit case", he said to
him.
Indirect: He ordered him to open the suit-case.
4. I am unwell", he says
Indirect: He tells that he is unwell.
5. "I was lying", he confessed.
Indirect: He confessed that he had been lying.
The Uses of Adversity
Question
and Answers
Q.1 Write the message of this poem?
Ans. Adversity is the mother of our noblest
virtues that teach us patience, perseverance fortitude. Self help and sympathy
and bring us nearest to Almighty creator. Adversity is a gift from God. Seeming
ugly and dark but actually messengers of sweetness and light. As Francis Bacon
says "The virtue of Adversity is fortitude, which is mortal in the more
heroic virtue."
Idioms
1. In black and white: In writing
Example: I cannot accept your oral complaint. It
must be in black and white.
Sentence: The teacher rejected the student's
oral application by saying that it must be in black and white.
Idiomatic
Structures
1. Out of: Only two out of ten people are
eduction in our country.
2. Instead of: Instead of writing him a letter
you can telegram.
3. Inspite of: Inspite of three warnings, the
thief continue his work, that's why Policeman arrested him.
4. Because of: Because of hardworking, I got 1st
position in the class.
5. For the sake of: Captain Rashid Minhas died
for the sake of country.
6. Every now and again: Few weeks ago strikes
were being called every now and again.
7. All over again: Yesterday he lost his coy, so
he rewrite his work all over again.
8. Time and again: He had been warned time and
again to quit smoking by his parents.
How To Do Things
Question and Answers
Q.1 What games were arranged for the guests?
Ans. To make the party colourful and fascinating, Shahnawaz
also arranged some games. These games include "Passing the Parcel",
"Treasure Hunt" and "Musical Chair". These games provided
fun and laughter to the guests.
Q.2 When is a bicycle-rider a joy? When does this joy
vanish?
Ans. Bicycle ride is a joy when one is young, it is also a
pleasant experience when you are riding a bicycle. This joy suddenly vanishes
when the cycle gets punctured. You feel while the riding that the tyre has lost
its lightness and is pressing flat against the ground.
Q.3 What does the kit for mending the puncture contain?
Ans. The kit for mending the puncture is needed when the
tyre last its lightness. The kit contains a wrench, a pair of small scissors, a
piece of an old cycle tube, sand paper, a coloured pencil and the sticking
solution.
Q.4 How is the "Parcel" prepared for the
"Parcel Game"?
Ans.The parcel game is to be very
interesting and exciting. A piece of Toffee is put in a small carton which was
wrapped with many layers of coloured papers.
Q.5 How is the game "Treasure Hunt" played?
Ans. Treasure hunt is an interesting game. In treasure hunt
small things wrapped in paper are to be hidden at different places in the room.
The guest are to look for every where till all the treasures are found.
Q.6 Describe the process of mending a puncture?
Ans. In order to make a puncture, first of all we take out
tube from the wheel and inflate it. Then we dip it in water and find out the
puncture, mark it with the coloured pencil and dry it and rub it with sand
paper and then apply sticking solution and press it. The tube is then put into
tyre and pumped. The puncture has been mended.
Q.7 Describe the process of mending a puncture in a repair
shop?
Ans. The purpose of mending a puncture at a bicycle repair
shop is different one. A kind of half solid rubber solution is applied to the
puncture part of the tube. It is heated at a certain temperature for some time
in a machine which is a sort of press. The solution melts and sticks to the
tube so that both are inseparable.
Q.8 What are the amusing aspects of parcel game?
Ans. The amusing aspects of parcel game are the punishment
given during the games These punishments are the mixture of commands like
"sing a song", "crow like a cock", "bleat like a
goat", "bray like a donkey". Everyone has to obey the command
that fell to it his lot.
Q.9 How can a successful party be arranged?
Ans. A successful party can be arranged through the
following steps. A party should be well-planned and decorative to attract the
people. The menu setting and serving counts very munch in a coourful party and
there should be some entertainment for the guests.
Q.10 How decoration is necessary for arranging a party?
Ans. Decoration is the best way to make a party
fascinating. If the decoration is not attractive the party has no effect. The
party place should be adorn in such a manner that it could capture the
attention of the guests and add beautiful colours to the party.
Sentences
1. Honour: It is an honou for us
that Shahid Afridi has broken the world record.
2. Serve: We should serve our country with heart and soul.
3. Frighten: My sister is
frightened of going into dark.
4. Riding: Riding a bicycle is a
great fun.
5. Puncture: Puncture can easily
be mended if you have the puncture kit with you.
@import
"/extensions/GoogleAdSense/GoogleAdSense.css";
Fill in the Blanks
1. Shahnaz was very happy because it was her birthday.
2. She had invited her friends to a party.
3. The two friends talked about the menu.
4. Now they got busy int he kitchen.
5. Riding a bicycle is joy when one is young.
6. They decided to buy the rest of the things from the market.
7. You are riding back home merrily.
8. You lay you bicycle on the ground.
9. You take out your kit for the puncture.
10. This emergency should not worry you if you
are prepared on it.
Idioms
- Odds
and ends: A
collection of obhects not belonging to any group of order, left over and
discarded.
Example: That shop does not still anything in particular. It has only odds and ends.
Sentence: He claims that he is very fond of collecting precious stones, but his collection contains only odds and ends.
2. Under one's nose: immediately with reach.
Example: You don't have to go far. It's under your nose.
Sentence: I looked for my English copy everywhere and it was under my nose all the time.
3. To poke one's nose into: To meddle or interfere
Example: She has the bad habit of poking her nose into the matters that are not her concern.
Sentence: According to the charter of U.N. no country is allowed to poke her nose into the personal affairs of any country.
4. To kick up a row: To make a disturbance or noise
Example: If you don't kick up a row, you will not be paid attention to
Sentence: The young boys started kicking up a row, when Micheal Jackson began to sing.
5. To wind up: To bring to an end
Example: I'm using my last week in the country to wind up by business here.
Sentence: The director winded up the set due to late arrival of the artist.
Grammar
1.Noun
1. Invite - Invitation
2. Busy - Business
3. Prepare - Preparation
4. Discuss - Discussion
5. Decorate - Decoration
6. Punish - Punishment
7. Collect - Collection
8. Sing - Song
9. Decide - Decision
2. Idiomatic Structures
1. To pour in: When I was passed in 9th class examination a number of phone calls of congratulations poured in.
2. To pour out: In winter season when I am feelings too cold. I asked my mother to pour out some hot tea for me.
3. To pour over: In the war, the nurse were pouring medicine over the wounded soldiers.
4. To put on: At the day of Eid festival, I put on my new clothes.
The Minstrel Boy
Reference
This poem is written by Thomas Moore (1779-1852) an Irish poet. He was born in Dublin where he studied at the best school. He was admitted to Trinity College at the age of 15 years. He became an enthusiastic Irish Poet. In imitation of Lord Byron, who was his friend, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called "Lalla Rookh". His patriotic feelings is well expressed in this poem.
Theme
"Patriotism is not a short out burst of emotions but the tranquil and steady dedication of lifetime."
or
"Only passions, great passions can elevate the soul into great things."'
Summary
The poem "The Minstrel Boy" has been written by a famous Irish poet Thomas Moore. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
The poem is in the praise of a minstrel boy. He was a great singer who used to sing songs on the time of his harp in the peacetime. But when the wartime came on his country, he joined the army of flight for his country. Actually he was continuing the legacy of his fore fathers i.e. to fight for their country.
He fought bravely, with his sward and sacrificed his life for the protection of his motherland. When he was near to death, he tore off all his belonging because he wanted the enemy to realize that people like him would never allow him to touch their beloved homeland.
In the end the poet has show his patriotic feelings in a convincing way. He says that the enemy might defeat the minstrel boy physically but they could not conquer his spirits. The minstrel boy's harp was destroyed by the minstrel boy himself because it was meant to sing in peace not in slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by their action.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about Thomas Moore?
Ans. Thomas Moore was an enthusiastic Irish
poet. In the imitation of his friend Lord Byron, he wrote poem on an oriental
theme called "Lalla Rookh". He has expressed his patriotic feelings
in this poem.
Q.2 What does Thomas Moore mean when he says as
"thought all the world betray thee"?
Ans. Thomas Moore has tried to convey a message
by these words to his nation that if you've got three things, no matter the
whole world turns against you, you are not to afraid of it. Loyal and faithful
companions, a beloved motherland and power to protect the privilege.
Q.3 Why did he destroy his harp?
Ans. Before the minstrel boy was dead he
destroyed his harp because he wanted the enemy to realize that every single
child of his nation would not allow them to touch their homeland with impure hands.
Moreover his harp was meant to play in peace and if the harp had survived it
would have chained into the atmosphere of slavery. The extreme limit of
patriotism is exhibited by the action of minstrel boy.
Q.4 For whom the poet was the words warrior bard
and proud soul?
Ans. Thomas Moore has paid a homage to the
minstrel boy by alloting him the bites of "warrior bard" and the
"proud soul". Thomas Moore has used these words to exhibit the spirit
of chamisism in the minstrel boy. He was a great and brave fighter and was
proud of fighting for his homeland.
Q.5 For whom were the songs of harp made?
Ans. The songs sung on the tune of harp were the
marks of peace and carried out detention against slavery. these songs were made
to please the patriots of minstrel boy's nation. Only faithfully and Loyal
companions and the men who were got freedom of their homeland could hear these
songs.
The
Khyber Pass
Question
and Answers
Q.1 What is the Khyber Pass? How long it is ?
Where do we go through the Pass?
Ans. Khyber Pass is one of the most famous pass
which is a narrow mountain valley. It is about fifty kilometres long. From
Khyber Pass we can go to Afghanistan and on the other side is the famous city
of Peshawar.
Q.2 When did Aryans cross it and how many times
did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross it and why?
Ans. Aryans crossed nearly four thousand years
ago the Khyber Pass to enter Pakistan. Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the
Khyber Pass seventimes. He crossed this passage in order to invade the
sub-continent.
Q.3 What is the economical importance of Khyber
Pass? Or Why it had been a famous trade in history?
Ans. The economical importance of Khyber Pass is
that it is used a trading route between the different regions. It is the most
favourable and best connection of East Asian countries with Central Asian
countries for trading purposes. The important goods which are transferred
through this pass into different regions include mirrors, furs, skins and
fruits.
Q.4 What did the camel caravans carry? By what
have the camels caravans been replaced?
Ans. The camel caravans carried mirrors, furs,
skins, fruits, spices, silk, carpet etc to different parts of the region. The
camels caravans have now been replaced by trains, trucks and lorries which are
the most advanced and fastest means of transportation.
Q.5 Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber
Pass?
Ans. The brave tribal people and Pathans live in
the mountains of the Khyber Pass, who fought with the mighty British Empire for
hundred years and defended their freedom. They are war like people among which
keeping fire alarms is a common feature. But after joining Pakistan they are
now the defenders of North-Western frontier of Pakistan.
Q.6 Why Landi Kotal is the famous place along
the Pass?
Ans. Landi Kotal is the famous place along the
Pass because it is the highest place about thirty km away from Jamrod Check
post along the pass. It is also a market place where most of the people enjoy
eating Tikkas and Chapli Kabab. Landi Kotal is a beautiful spot from where the
road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
Q.7 What is the historical importance of Khyber
Pass?
Ans. The historical importance of Khyber Pass
cannot be neglected because many Muslim conquerors like Sultan Mahmood
Ghaznavi, Shahabuddin Ghouri, Babur and Ahmed Shah Abdli made their way through
this Pass. Mostly this pass had been used in the history for attacking nd
conquering South Asia.
Q.8 Describe briefly the route from Peshawar to
Khyber Pass.
Ans. The route for reaching Khyber Pass starts
from the central city of Peshawar. About fourteen Kilometers from Peshawar is
the Jamrod Check Post from where the permits are issued and which is surrounded
by mountains. The road then runs is a haphazard manner to Landi Kotal, 30 km
away from Jamrod Check Post and finally after a journey of ten km is the
frontier post between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Sentences
1. Famous : Kentucky fried chicken has
become very famous in Karachi.
2. Spices: Spices give a delicious taste to
vegetables.
3. Conqueror: The conqueror Halaku Khan was the
sign of terror for the whole world.
4. Defended: The borders of Pakistan were
successfully defended by the soldier during 1965 war.
5. Stretched: He stretched his arms to hold the
pile of books.
Fill in the Blanks
1. There are many who have traveled through some
part of it.
2. Khyber Pass has been famous in history.
3. It has also been a famous trade route.
4. These brave tribes men fought the mighty
British Empire
5. They are the defenders of the North-Westen
frontier of Pakistan.
6. They ate some Tikkas and Chapli Kabab.
7. The road goes down winding through beautiful
scenery.
8. It has to run through many tunnels in the
mountains.
9. They were welcomed by the soldiers guarding
the frontier.
Compound
Words
1. Pakistan - Flag
2. Camel - Caravan
3. Class - Fellows
4. Check - Post
5. Railway - Line
6. Mule - Trains
Idioms
1. Don't go out alone in the Dark
Meaning: Don't be out of doors at night alone.
Sentence: My parents always guide me not to go
out in the dark.
2. There is such a strong breeze, the candle may
go out
Meaning: There is such a strong breeze that the
candle may be extinguished.
Sentence: Yesterday there was strong wind
blowing that I said to my friends that their is such a strong breeze, the
candle may go out.
3. Clothes go out of Fashion too fast
Meaning: Fashions of clothes last only for short
periods of time.
Sentence: As it is a modern method so clothes go
out of fashion too fast.
4. You can see more the land when the tides goes
out
Meaning: When the water receds more the
sea-shore is visible.
Sentence: When I went to the sea-side the tide
was not very high so I said to my friend that you can see more the land when
the tide goes out.
5. The party went all out to win the elections
Meaning: The party made strenuous efforts to win
the election.
Sentence: My uncle is in politics so his party
went all out to win the elections.
6. He goes out of his way to help
Meaning: He makes extra ordinary efforts to help
Sentence: My friend is very generous and kind so
he always goes out of his way to help any body.
7. I'm going off to my friend's house
Meaning: I am leaving for my friend's house.
Sentence: Yesterday there was my friend's
birthday so I went off at 7'O clock to my friend's house.
8. How did your interview go off?
Meaning: How did you fail in your interview?
Sentence: Yesterday my friend went to an
organization in order to give his interview when he was returning him how did
his interview go off?
9. England has gone off the gold standard
Meaning: England's currency is no longer solidly
backed by gold.
Sentence: The quality of Pakistani rice has not
yet gone off beyond the standards.
10. I hope the bomb squad reaches before the
bomb explodes
Meaning: I hope the bomb squad reaches before
the bomb goes off.
Sentence: When some guys fitted the bomb in a
school, the principal of a school was saying again and again that I hope the
bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off.
Casabianca
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Felicia Dorethea Hemans
(1973-1835). She was born at Liverpool, but the family moved to Wales where she
was brought up. She was quick in mind and had a fine memory. As a poet, she has
been compared to Long fellow. Like Couper, she loved the pathetic, and there is
great enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work. She also stressed moral
values.
Theme
"A man of courage is full of faith."
or
"Patriotism is a great virtue that makes people forgive their
selfness."
Central Idea
The central idea of this poem is the the noble
characteristics like chivalirism, obedience and morality demand the impossible,
the obsolite and the death which itself transfigured into eternal life.
Deep-rooted faithfulness is majestic and unmatched which makes a man rise above
all personal affiliation.
Summary
This poem is written by an English poetess
Felicia Dorothea Hemans.
Casabianca is not purely fictitous story. It is
a story of brave and innocent boy. The poetess has depicted a scene of sea
battle. Where a ship is own ablaze with casabiance standing on the deck. During
the battle when every part of ship was gutted with fire, most of the crew
members had died and the live ones had runaway to save their lives. But
casabianca kept standing, fearless of fire and enemy's shelling where he was in
obedience of his father's order who was the captain of the ship.
When the ship was burning with fire,
Casabianca's impatient nature made him ask the permission to leave the battle
field but there was no reply as his father was dead.
In the last three stanzas, the poetess has
described the scene of casabianca's death when the flames of fire engulfed him,
the ship was also blasted and his body blown to bites. But in reality his
spirit and moral was not defeated. Till his last breath, he stood like rock
facing death and danger.
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write a short note on Casabianca?
Ans. Casabianca was a young and brave soldier of his country.
He was a born hero and has a very strong, composed and pleasant personality.
Dutifulness and obedience were his making characteristics and he was proud of
fighting for his country.
Q.2 What do you know about a battleship from this poem?
Ans. As the poem was written in the 19th century, in these
days ships made from wood. There were different parts like most, helm, pennon
fair etc. Moreover they also used, cannon balls for destruction purposes.
Q.3 How has the Felicia Dorothea Hemans been compared to
other poets?
Ans. Felicia Dorothea Hemans has been compared to Henry
Long Fellow and Couper. She had the same pathetic and there is a great
enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work like the other poets. She also
stressed moral values.
Q.4 What does the poetess mean by saying that "Lone
Post of Death"?
Ans. The poetess is describing the death scene of
Casabianca through the phrase. It means that when the fire was near to engulf
him and his death time had arrived, than he was all alone on the battleship. He
had a desperation about his father, future i.e. about winning over the battle.
Q.5 Why does the poetess call the Casabianca "A
Gallant Child"?
Ans. The poetess calls the Casabianca "a gallant
child" because he stood like a rock, fairless of the fire, the enemy's
shelling and his despair in the moments of death and danger. When his body
blown into bites i.e. he was defeated by the death, but actually his spirit was
not overpowered and he remained as a brave and valiant soldier
Inheritors
Question
and Answers
Q.1 What property did the two brothers inherit
from their father and what was the suggestions of Azam about the division of
property?
Ans. After the death of their father, their father
inherited a cow, a date-palm, tree and a blanket equally. Azam, the elder
brother suggested that the front part of cow, the upper part of the date-palm
tree and the blanket from sunset till morning would belong to him. Where as
Moazzam was alloted with the rear part of cow, the lower part of the tree and
the blanket for the day time.
Q.2 Why did Moazzam agree to the division?
Ans. Moazzam was innocent and simple boy and
agreed to the division because Azam had cunningly presented the useless part of
the property as the better ones. Furthermore he believed that whatever his
brother will divide, it will beneficial for both of them.
Q.3 Who fed the cow and who got the milk? and
why did Azam not give dates to Moazzam?
Ans. According to the agreement between Azam and
Moazzam, Moazzam was to feed the cow as the front part belonged to him and Azam
got the milk as the rear part was his. Azam did not give the dates to Moazzam
because the fruitful part of the tree belong to Azam.
Q.4 How did Moazzam teach the lesson to his
elder brother?
Ans. After advising by an old man, Moazzam
wisely foiled Azam's tricks. When Azam was milking the cow he started hitting
the cow's head with a stick, when Azam was picking dates from the tree he
started cutting the tree with an axe and when Azam took up blanket, he found it
wet which was done by Moazzam. In this manner, Moazzam was able to teach the
lesson to his brother.
Q.5 What is the moral of the lesseon "The
Inheritors"?
Ans. The moral of the lesson is that falsehood
have no ground bases to stand. We should be pragmatic in our dealings and we
can answer cleverness by wisdom. We must obey our elder's advice because their
advice is as good as gold.
Q.6 Give the character sketch of Moazzam?
Ans. Moazzam was a very simple and trusting boy.
He never hesitated in doing hard work. Obedience and innocence was also the
part of Moazzam's nature.
Q.7 Give the character sketch of Azam?
Ans.Azam was agreedy and selfish person. Being
an elder, he had an ordering style. He was always in the favour of cunning and
false hood. Laziness was also their in his character.
Q.8 How did Azam cheat Moazzam?
Ans. being selfish and clever, Azam took
advantage of Moazzam's simpliciity by taking every beneficial part of the
inheritance. He fleeted milk of cow, fruit of the tree and blanket during night
for himself and awarded Moazzam with useless and work needed parts of
inheritance.
Q.9 What was the effect of the old man's advice
on Moazzam?
Ans. The oldman's advice revealed the fact on
Moazzam that he was being cheated by the cleverness of his elder brother. The
old man made him realized that Azam was taking benefit of the inheritance.
Being obedient, Azam accepted the advice of old man and answered the cleverness
of his brother with his wisdom.
Sentences
1. Cheat: Aslam was cheated by Ikhlaq through his
foolishness.
2. Division: The plan for the division of
sub-continent on 14th August 47 is known as 3rd June PLan.
3. Guess: Ahmed could not guessed the mystery.
4. Property: The property of former PM was
captured by the Govornment because he was found indulge in crimes.
5. Milk: I bought 5 litres of milk from the shop
to make the milk shake.
Fill in
the Blanks
1. Their mother had died in their childhood.
2. His younger brother. Moazzam was simple and
trusting.
3. Azam the elder brother was very greedy and
clever.
4. Azam suggested that they should divide the
propery left by their father.
5. We shall just divide it verbally.
6. Moazzam was delighted with the generosity of
this elder brother.
7. It shall be mine only from sunset to sunrise.
8. Now moazzam would feed the cow and Azam would
milk it.
9. He did not offer even a single date to his
younger brother.
10. Moazzam was quite content with it.
11. Azam enjoyed a deep sleep under the warm
blanket.
Grammar
1. Nouns in Sentence
1. Die : Death
He has lost his balance of mind due to the death
of his father.
2. Advise : Advice
We must obey our elder's advice
3. Divide: Division
The plan for the division of sub-continent on
14th August 1947 was presented by Lord Mountt Batten.
4. Suggest: Suggestion
He did not accept any suggestion about his
matter and suffered a heavy loss.
5. Agree: Agreement
An agreement of undertaking was signed between
Pakistan and America on the basis of Kashmir.
6. Feed : Food
Proper food is not available in our remote
villages .
2.Nouns
1. Clever - Cleverness
2. Greedy - Greedy
3. Generous - Generosity
4. Stupid - Stupidity
5. Innocent - Innocence
6. Simple - Simplicity
7. Young - Youth
3.
Prepositions
1. He is fond of reading books.
2. Najma is not interested in games.
3. Ajmal is good at mathematics.
4. He is not fit for this job.
5. The baby is crying for its mother.
6. The nurse looks after the patient.
7. The patient has been cured of his disease.
8. He has given up smoking.
9. I am used to taking tea without sugar.
10. We should be proud of our country.
4. Change
into Passive Voice
1. The old man advised Moazzam.
Ans. Moazzam was advised by the old man.
2. Moazzam fed and looked after the cow.
Ans. The cow was fed and looked after by Moazzam
King
Bruce and the Spider
Central
Idea
Reference
this poem is written by Eliza cook
(1818-1889). Born in London, she was the youngest of seven children. She was
entirely self-educated and wrote verses from the age of fourteen. Her first
volume being published at seventeen. In 1849, she edited and published,
"Eliza Cooks Journal." Her work is simple and highly moral. In this
poem, she teaches the reader what she always practiced in her own life to keep
on trying and never to be discouraged.
Theme
"Where there is a will, there is a
way."
or
"The world is his who her patients and
industry."
Central
Idea
The central idea of this poem is that we
should cultivate a strong will - power and a hopeful attitude to life, be bold
through thick and thin, counting no labour loss and our heart within than.
Almighty creator will surely help us if we adopt such a coarse. As it is also
said, "The world is his who has patience and industry."
Summary
the poetess has expressed the true sense of
life in this poem. Solution to the problems of life and key to the success are
being preached in this poem in a dramatic style.
This poem tells the story of the king Bruce of
Scotland. Once he was defeated by the English men. He took refuge in a cave.
Due to his repeated failures, he was very grieve. King Bruce mentally accepted
his defeat from the English men.
One day, he was pondering at the point of his
defeat, he watched a spider who was try8ng to reach to her cobweb. Thread was
the only pathway for the spider to reach her destination. Spider started her
voyage with great anxiety and force. But the spider come down to the initial
stage where it had started her journey. King Bruce was showing issurity on the
foolish attempts to reach the destination that spider will not try again.
However the spider succeeded in the 10th attempt
to reach its cobweb. Afte the success to spider the King Bruce sounded in a
optimistic order. "All honour to those who tries persistently." King
Bruce resoluted in heart to try once more in order to get the win over on his
enemies." At last he succeeded.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What lesson did the King learn from the
spider?
Ans. The persistent tries of spider gave a
positive spin to the thoughts of King Bruce and taught him that we are to be
persistent and bold to achieve our aim of life. Continuous struggle to the main
aim always produces a favourable result. We should try hard without caring for
the resistance and circumstances of life.
Q.2. What do you know about King Bruce of
Scotland?
Ans. King Bruce of Scotland was a very generous
and patriotic Emperor. Once he fight with the British Army who wants to make a
British colony in Scotland, but he was defeated. As he wanted to defeat his
enemy, that's why he made several attempts to get back his domain but he
failed.
Q.3 What do you know about King Bruce of
Scotland?
Ans. Eliza cook (1818-1889) was born in London.
In 1849 she edited and published "Eliza cook's Journal." Her work is
simple and highly moral and she teaches the readers what she always practiced
in her life; to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Q.4 What is meant by poetess when she says that
"a great deed"?
Ans. The poetess has used the words "a
great hard" for the King Bruce. He had been trying hard to protect his
domain from the contaminated hands of enemy. As the protection of country keeps
a very high rank among the man's priorities of life, that's why the poetess
called it "a great deed".
Q.5 What resemblance, does the poetess find
between the King Bruce and the Spider?
Ans. The points of similarity between the King
Bruce and the spider were that the aim was quite far away from both of them.
Both of them were having a very slightest hope to achieve success i.e. the
spider had a single thread to reach the cobweb and the King Bruce also had a
very tiny hope to win over his enemies.
Q.6 Why did the King Bruce or poetess call the
spider "Brave".
Ans. The poetess call the spider brave because
it was very persistent and tried hard to complete her task. Although she
suffered several failures, but she did not show any grieverence on the
disportual of its fate. It went on making attempt and at last its persistent
tries put it into the cobweb.
Idioms
To put into practice: to carry out in deeds.
Example: The soldiers put into practice the
training they got in military school.
Sentence: We should put into practice the spirit
of patriotism for our country.
2. A wild goose chose: An enterprise which will
not succeed.
Example: The old man ran after the boy but a
wild goose chase him.
Sentence: The coast guards ran after the
criminals in their boats on a wild goose chase.
3. To end in smoke: To have no result, to come
to nothing.
Example: Unless you preserve, your work will end
in smoke.
Sentence: The soldiers struggled hard to destroy
the foe's base but it ended in smoke.
4. At a lost: Puzzled, not knowing what to do.
Example: I misplaced the book and I was at a
loss: how to manage it.
Sentence: Someone stole by Physics book and I
was at a loss ho to prepare for the Physics test.
5. With flying colours: To emerge successfully
from some difficult task.
Example: Our team returned from the match with
flying colours.
Sentence: Pakistan succeeded in the 1965 war
with flying colours.
An
African Village
Question
and Answers
Q.1 How many independent countries are there
in Africa and where is Nigeria?
Ans. Africa is the second largest continent
which consists of more than twenty five independent countries. Nigeria is one
of the largest countries of Africa. It is in West Africa.
Q.2 What is the bush area made up of and where
do most Nigeria farmers live?
Ans. The bush area is consisted of scattered
trees with heavy undergrowth in the form of thick bush and grass. Most of the
Nigerian farmers live in the villages and farm settlements in the bush area.
They construct huts and live in those huts.
Q.3 What is the centre of activities?
Ans. The main centre of activities is the
courtyard of house. Women cook food and work over there and children play
there. They only use rooms for resting purposes.
Q.4 What are their food crops and cash crops?
Ans. The crop, which is edible and we use as
food are called food crops. The main food crops of Nigeria are plantains,
potatoes, yarns, ground nuts and pepper. The crop which is sold to other
countries are called cash crops and the Nigeria's cash crops include palm oil
and cocoa.
Q.5 Who tends the food crops and the cash crops/
Ans. Food crops are usually tended by the women.
Whereas, the cash crops are tended by men.
Q.6 What is made from cocoa beans and yield from
palm trees?
Ans. From the fruit of cocoa tree, yield beans
which are grounded into powder which forms chocolate. From the palm trees, palm
oil is yield. When the oil from the trees is passed through the chemical
processors, the palm oil is obtained in pure form.
Q.7 Why was continent Africa called "Dark
Continent" once?
Ans. Continent Africa was called "Dark
Continent" once because the habitats and civilizations of the people of
this continent was not known to the world. Due to their backward living styles
and old fashioned traits, this continent seems to be the dull part of this world.
Q.8 Give a brief account of Nigeria?
Ans. Nigeria is situated in West Africa and is
one of the largest countries of Africa. Nigeria is basically an agricultural
country. It is also a thickly populated country which comprises majority of
farmers. A great part of Nigeria is covered with a dense forest.
Q.9 How is the life of Nigerian farmer differ
from Pakistani farmer?
Ans. The life of Nigerian farmer differ from
Pakistani farmer in many ways. Their agricultural style is quite different from
our's. They are not in the favour of keeping cattles because of the disease
which unables them to use cattles in farming. Their daily routine of life also
differs from Pakistani farmer.
Q.10 Describe the changes that are coming or
likely to come soon in the life of the bush dwellers in Nigeria.
Ans. Many favourable changes are coming in the
life of bush dwellers, which include the availability of transport and
communication, health and education, food and water etc. Soon their life style
will more develope because many more modern facilities are making their way in
these villages.
Q.11 Describe the life of a Nigerian farmer and
his wife?
Ans. The life a Nigerian villager is a model of
hard work. From the rising of sun to the dark, they work in the fields and
houses. Farmer usually does all the work related to agriculture and women do
the household jobs including looking after the food crops.
Q.12 Describe the building style of Nigerian
farm.
Ans. The building style of Nigerian farms
consists of three styles. First style is a single roomed and simple but which
is made from thick branches of trees. Other style is the cone shaped huts made
from straw and whose roof is thatched grass, needs or palm trees. Last style is
the two or three roomed huts made of wood or are plastered with mud.
Q.13 Why can Nigerian farmer not rear cattle?
Ans. Nigerian farmers are not interested in
rearing cattles because of the major hazards for the cattles. Tse-Tse fly is
the sign of dangers for them. On the other hand, it is also dangerous for human
beings because it causes unconsciousness state which most of the time ends in
death.
Sentences
1. Century: Computer is the most amazing
invention of this century.
2. Cultivate: Modern methods of agriculture are
being used to cultivate the fields.
3. Dense: Amazon forest is mainly covered with
dense vegetation.
4. Export: Rice is the major export of Pakistan.
5. Scatter: The shelling of the police scatter
the crowd.
6. Things out: The market is thickly, crowded at
the beginning but it things out at the end.
Idioms
1. To shed crocodile
tears: to weep insincerely, or hypocritically
Example: They were not all sorry when he died.
They just sheded crocodile tears.
Sentence: From the attitude of UN towards
Kashmir issue, it seems that it is just shedding crocodile tears.
2. To feel like first out of water: To feel out
of place
Example: Being the only educated man in that
village, I feel like a fish out of water there.
Sentence: Aslam was the only member of Women
rights association and felt like a fish out of water.
3. To nip in the bud: To stop evil in the early
stages
Example: The plot to overthrow the government
was detected nd nipped in the bud.
'Sentence: he should not prevail the bad atmosphere
in the society and try, to nip in the bud of crimes.
4. To turn over a new leaf: To reform, to behave
better
Example: The teacher pardoned the boy on the
condition that he promised to turn over a new leaf.
Sentence: The death of his parents turned over a
new leaf in his life.
Synonyms
1. Coartyard - Compound
2. Link - Join
3. Dense - Thick
4. Explore - Search
5. Introduce - Acquaint
6. Century - One Hundred
7. Majority - More than half
8. Cultivate - to grow
9. Facility - Convenience
Antonyms
1. Dense - Thin
2. Majority - Minority
3. Remote - Near
4. Major - Minor
5. Independent - Dependent
6. Interior - Exterior
7. Export - Import
Grammar
1. Complete the Following Sentences with Shall,
Will, Should, Would:
1. I think I shall go to the Karachi next
week.
2. You should not tell a lie.
3. We shall fight to the last men.
4. This office will remain open till midnight.
5. Ishall be grateful if you kindly grant me a
pass.
6. The train would have arrived now.
7. Should our motherland need it, we will lay
down our lives for it.
8. You should respect your elders.
9. Had you been there, it would never have
happened.
10. They should not violate any condition of
this contract.
2.
Prepositions
1. Please introduce me to your father.
2. He is not acquainted with my parents.
3. This machine is fitted with automatic
control.
4. You are not fit forthis job.
5. A round nail does not for into a square hole.
6. He has passed the examination and is not
looking fora job.
7. The police are on the look out for the
robbers.
8. Look for the meaning of this world in the
dictionary.
9. He promised to look into this matter.
10. We look up at you to solve our problems.
3. Change
into Passive Voice
1. A road links his village to the town.
Ans. His village is linked to the town by a
road.
2. A snake in the grass stung his barefoot.
Ans. His barefoot was stung by a snake in the
grass.
3. He cannot rear any cattle on his farm.
Ans. No cattle can be reared by him on his farm.
4. Their father settled the dispute between the
brothers.
Ans. The dispute between the brothers was
settled by their father.
4. Change
into Active Voice
1.This lamp was lit by the servant.
Ans. The servant lit this lamp.
2. The soldier was ordered by the officer to
report to him.
Ans. The officer ordered the soldier to report
to him.
3. By whom was this blanket patched?
Ans. Who patched this blanket?
4. Was this land cultivated by the land owner
himself?
Ans. Did the Land owner cultivated the land
himself?
The Hand That Rocks the Cradle
is the Hand That Rules The World
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by William Ross Wallace,
(1819-1881). He was born in Dexington, Kentucky. His first poem appeared in
1837. He was lawyer by profession, but spent more time on literature. He
composed patriotic songs during the civil wr which became popular. He possessed
a splendid imagination as well as poetic diction.
Central Idea
The Central idea of this poem is that the first,
noblest and most sacred mission of the mother is to bring up children. Mothers
are the real builders of our nation, in the sense that the character of a
children made or marred by the mother. It is said that:
"Educate women or mothers and the Nation will take charge of
itself."
Theme
A French idealogist Charles force said:
"One could judge the degree of civilization of a country by the
social and political possession of its mother."
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Summary
This poem is written by famous American poet
William Ross Wallace.
The poet is paying his homage to the mothers
because of their holy and sacred task. The mothers bless the palace, cottage
and poorman's equally and make them colourful. Mother's carry out a great
sacred responsibility of bringing up the children. In this world, which is full
of evils and vices, a mother is a mark of guidance and protection.
Mothers are the actual trainee of the children.
Her affection enables the children to recognize divinity and obey command of
Allah. A child's character depends directly upon the mothers.
Behind every success of accomplishment of the
great people is the hand of their mother. Due to the caring guidance which is
given in a dedicated and caring manner, a mother can mold the character of a
child in good shape.
Mother's words are so sanctimonious that they
are sure to accepted because they are strengthened by the worship of angles. So
it is true that a mother's hand that brings up a child is the same that governs
every sphere of life.
Question and Answers
Q.1 Why does the poet compare mother's hands to a rainbow?
Ans. The poet find resemblance between the mother's hands
and a rainbow because "rainbow" is symbol of peace, pleasure and
happiness. It indicates that the storm has passed and difficulties have gone.
Similarly a mother is a symbol of pity and pleasure who creates a peaceful and
coming atmosphere for the whole family.
Q.2 What is guided by angles and how?
Ans. The chestity and grace of mothers is guided by angles.
No one can destroy the spirit of the true mothers because it is protected by
the holy angles. They bring divine blessings to the mothers which help the
mothers to struggle with the tediums of life.
Q.3 Explain how the poet gives the credit for all great
achievements of people to their mothers?
Ans. The poet gives the credit for all great accomplishment
of people to their mothers because all the great personalities are prominent in
the world due to the careful bringing up to their mothers. It's only the result
of mother's caring guidance and training that the world is passing with the
periods of humanstary and great successes.
Q.4 Describe the role of a mother?
Ans. The role of a mother is to bring up and train the
children. Mother is an actual guiding force for the children because due to her
training a child can instigate a high moral character. Mother also infest in
the children the spirit to know the difference between good and evil. A child
is virtuous or his bad character depends upon the guidance of mother.
Q.5 Why does the poet compare infancy (childhood) with the
tender fountain?
Ans. The poet compares infancy (childhood) with the tender
fountain because childhood is just like a sophisticated and delicated fountain
which can be led to any stage of life i.e. good or bad. It is only a mother who
can guide a very young soil to his destination success it or failure.
Q.6 What does it mean by "Sunshine streamed or evil
hurled."
Ans. Sunshine is a symbol of goodness and virtue. This
phrase means that the structure of a man's character depends mainly upon the
mother's. If the training of mother is goo it mean that she has infested a high
moral character in her children. But if the guidance is not good and child's
character will prevail by evilness.
Q.7 Why does the poet say that the prayers of mothers on
earth mingles with that said in heaven?
Ans. The poet says so because the prayers of a mothers are
so sacred and holy that they are accompanied by the holy prayers of angle. So
that, these prayers are enforced and strengthened. The words of mother keep a
sanctimonious status to God, which cannot be neglected because they are also
strengthened by the worship of angles.
Q.8 Describe the poetic diction of William Ross Wallace?
Ans.William Rose Wallace composed
patriotic songs during the civil war which became popular. He was a friend of
Edgar Allen Roe whom he resembled both in temperament and habits. He possessed
a splendid imagination as well as poetic diction.
Q.9 How can the mother keep the young heart open and for
what?
Ans. Mother has a very divine task to complete which starts
right from the beginning of the child's life and continues till the end. She
keeps the young heart open in such a way that the child can understand and
accept the divine commands of Allah.
Shopping
Question and Answers
Q.1 Why did mother ask Najma and Ajmal to go with her for
shopping?
Ans. Mother asked Najma and Ajmal to go with her for
shopping because their father was not at home. He was on tour and in his
absence the mother had to do shopping. Moreover, they also have run out of
groceries and provisions.
Q.2 How much fare did the taxi driver demanded?
Ans. Mother hired a taxi to reach the market and asked the
driver about the fare. The taxi driver demanded twenty rupees before hand s the
meter was out of order.
Q.3 What did mother tell the taxi-driver?
Ans. The mother was shocked by the demand of taxi driver
because the fare was too much as the distance was hardly a kilometer. She
further threatened that she would take him to traffic constable if he insisted
on charging 20 rupees
Q.4 Where did mother and children go first for shopping?
Ans. Mother and children firstly went to the mutton market.
Najma and Ajmal were astonished to see the Halal animals hanging in the market.
Q.5 What is the difference between beef and mutton?
Ans. The meat of cows, calves and buffaloes is called beef.
Whereas mutton is the flesh of goats and sheep.
Q.6 What did mother buy at the butcher's shop?
Ans. Firstly mother bargained with the butcher and settled
the price at ninety rupees a kilo according to the price-list. Then she demands
one kilo of leg and one kilo minced meat.
Q.7 Where did mother go after making purchases at the
butcher?
Ans. After making purchases at the butcher's mother headed
towards the vegetables and fruit. She wanted to buy fresh and tasty vegetables
for the incoming month.
Q.8 How did the mother buy bananas and apples?
Ans. Monthly firstly inquired the fruit sever about the
price. Then she bought ten bananas at a rte of fifteen rupees and one kg apples
at a cost of twenty rupees.
Q.9 What did mother buy last of all?
Ans. After making all purchases mother went to a poultry
shop. She bought eggs and one kilo of dressed chicken at a rate of twenty and
ninety rupees respectively.
Q.10 How far is the market from the house of Najma and
Ajmal?
Ans. The market was not so far from the house of Najma and
Ajmal. It was about a distance of one thousands metres.
Q.11 What did mother ask the children to do when they
reached back home?
Ans. When they had reached back home, mother asked Ajmal to
polish his own and Najma's shoes. She order ordered Najma to iron the clothes.
Q.12 When do we use Metre, Kilometre, Kilo and Litre?
Ans. These are all measuring units of different quantities.
Metre is used for measuring Length, Kilometre for distance, Kilo for weightsand
Litre to measure liquids except with those of high viscosity.
Q.13 Give the reason why polythene bags are not being used
all over the world? or What is / are the harmful effects of polythene bags?
Ans. Polythene bags are not being used all over the world
because they are major source of water pollution. They lock the severage pipes
and when the drains are chocked, the dirty water spills all over. There is no
suitable way of disposing these bags.
Q.14 How can we call the mother a vigilant customer? or How did mother bargain for the price at the butcher's
shop?
Ans. We can call the mother a vigilant customer because
before buying anything she seemed to be very conscious the price and quality of
goods. At the butcher's shop, she firstly inquired about the price. When she
knew the price, she insisted on charging less rupees because the prices were
exceeding the price list. The butcher started telling stories but finally he
agreed on the low rate which shows the vigilance of mother.
Q.15 Why were Najma and Ajmal excited?
Ans. Najma and Ajmal were excited because the first time
they were going for shopping. The idea of learning new and interesting things
was making them excited.
'Q.16 Why did Taxi driver demand 20 rupees for fare?
Ans. Taxi driver demanded 20 rupees for the fare because he
wanted to make more money than the fare. As the meter of taxi was also our of
order, so taking the advantage of this situation he wanted to charge 20 rupees.
Sentences
1. Beef: Beef is the flesh of cows, calves and buffaloes.
2. Calves: Calve beef is more
tasty than cows and buffaloes.
3. Carton: This carton of soap
contains 100 cakes of soap.
4. Cabbage: We grow fresh
cabbages in the garden.
5. Hire: Aslam hired a taxi to reach the station.
6. Spices: Spices add delicious
taste to the food.
7. Meter: We should not harm our gas and electric meter.
8. Unit: The unit of time in M.K.'s system is second.
9. Provisions: We buy provisions every month from the Sunday Bazar.
10. Mutton: Mutton is the flesh
of goats and sheep.
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Synonyms
1. Frightened - Afraid
2. Hail - Greet
3. Buy - Purchase
4. Carton - Box
5. Provisions - Supplies
6. Pointing - Hinting
7. Threaten - Warn
Opposites
1. Swim - Drown
2. Alive - Dead
3. Float - Sink
4. Front - Rear
5. Start - Stop
6. Boil - Freeze
7. Part - Whole
8. Buy - Sell
9. Agree - Differ
10. Reject - Accept
Grammar
1. Complete with Kilogram, Litre, Metres and Kilometres
1. My house is three kilometre from the railway.
2. This jar contains one kilogram of honey.
3. He measured out ten metres of rope.
4. The price of kerosene oil is five rupees a litre.
5. Sugar - cane is usually two to three metres long.
6. The speed of this aeroplane is seven hundreds kilometres and hour.
7. This car does twelve kilometres to a litre of petrol.
2.Complete with the following
out of order, out of date, enforce, in order, up-to-date, to date
1. The old system of weights and measures is no
longer enforce.
2. You must revise your book and bring to up-to-date.
3. The Shopkeeper told him that their weighing
machine was out of
order.
4. I have received no letter from him to-date.
5. This rule is enforce, we must follow it.
6. That book was published ten years ago, it is
completely out of date.
3. Complete with the following
with cake, bar, jar, packet, carton, bag, roll
1. A carton of soap contains 144 soap cakes.
2. Please bring a jar of Swat honey for me.
3. What is the price of one bag of flour?
4. The price of a cake of soap has increased by one rupee.
5. The shopkeeper charged me ninety rupees for
this roll of cloth.
6. This chocolate is cheap at three rupees a bar.
7. This packet contains 25 biscuits.
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4. Prepositions
1. The driver brought the taxi to a sudden halt.
2. He took off hsi old coat and put on the new one.
3. Please turn off the radio and turn on the T.V.
4. Before leaving the kitchen she put off the fire.
5. She turned out the cat and shut the door.
6. My friend turned up late from the cinema.
7. The watchman turned out to be thief.
8. The plane took off at 10'O Clock.
5. Change into Active Voice
1. He was robbed and beaten by some unknown persons.
Ans. Some unknown persons robbed and beat him.
2. The field was ploughed, the seed was sown and the crop
was harvested by the farmer himself.
Ans. The farmer himself ploughed the field, sowed the seed
nd harvested the crop.
6. Change into Passive Voice
1. She brushed, cleaned and ironed her coat.
Ans. The coat was brushed, cleaned and ironed by her.
2. I brought this news to him.
Ans. That news was brought to him by me.
Composition
You go shopping to buy a cloth for your School uniform Write a dialogue
with the shopkeeper.
Me: "Hello sir, may I have a cloth for the
school uniform?"
Shopkeeper: "Sure, wait a second."
Me: "Is this purely cotton?"
Shopkeeper: "No, it is paper cotton. But
assure you that it will last longer?"
Me: "Ok! But how can you say that the
colour of trouser will not fade?"
Shopkeeper:It is my guarantee that the colour
will not fade otherwise you can have your money back."
Me: "Alright, how much it costs?"
Shopkeeper: "First tell me how much do you
want?"
Me: "I need about 6 meters of the
cloth."
Shopkeeper: "Actually, the real price is
200 rupees but as you are our regular customer, you can have it at a cost of 18
rupees."
Me: "It's too expensive. Can't you be more
flexible?"
Shopkeeper: "No my son, because if I do so
I will deprived of my profit."
Me: "Ok, take these 180 rupees and pack the
cloth."
Shopkeeper: "No problem."
Idioms
1. To have the lion's share: To
take the biggest share of something.
Example: Divide the cake into equal slices and don't have the
lion's share for yourself.
Sentence: Divide the profit share equally and don't have the
lion's share.
2. To same something for rainy day: To
keep for some future security.
Example: He wanted all his savings and has save nothing for a
rainy day.
Sentence: He lost all his money in gamble and didn't save
anything for a rainy day.
3. To cry over spilt milk: To
grieve over something uselessly.
Example: The damage has been done, but instead of crying over
spilt milk, do something to repair.
Sentence: It is useless crying over spilt milk.
4. Its high time: The
moment has already come.
Example: The exams begin next month as its high time by now.
Sentence: The cricket match will start in twenty minutes so it's
high time we should leave for the stadium
Speak Gently
Central Idea
Reference
The writer of this poem is anonymous. But the
tone of the poetry represents the peome is a part of Moorish poetry.
Central Idea
Speaking gently to everyone is a good trait in
our character. By being gentle we are likely to loose nothing and gain much in
terms of friendship. Good will and even material rewards. It places our
character and personality in a very good light and creates an everlasting
impression in the minds of others.
Theme
"Kindness is more important than wisdom and recognition of it is the
beginning of wisdom."
Summary
This Moorish poem is written by an anonymous
poet. This poem emphasis upon speaking gently.
By speaking gently we can attain the spiritual
power of rule. Treating someone harshly is a kind of moral sin which can
devastate our good deeds.
Speak gently is the best way to train a child
and win over his love and trust. If you don't adopt the mild attitude your
teachings will not persist for a prolong period.
Our attitude should be soft to the aged and old
people in order to create such an atmosphere in which they can pass their
remaining days peacefully.
Speak mildly does not cause and burden to you.
These soft words create a forever impression on the other's hearts. The reward
of adopting this habit is that in this mortal world is the good deeds and the
everlasting pleasure. It also brings reward in the eternal life.
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Question and Answers
Q.1 What is the result of adopting harsh attitude?
Ans. To speak harshly is a kind of ethical and social sin
which can devastate our good deeds we should produce mildness in our character.
This is the only way through which we can provide security to our good deeds
which we have done in this mortal world.
Q.2 What resemblance does he find between hearts and the
deep well?
Ans. The poet finds resemblance between and deep well
because like deep well we cannot assume what is deeply within human heart. One
thing is sure that the soft words go deeply in the heart and we cannot assume
these words out of the hearts
A Village Fair
Question and Answers
Q.1 Why was the village decorated?
Ans. When Bilal reached his cousin's village he saw that
the village was beautifully decorated with colourful buntings and flags
unusually. The reason behind that decoration was that the annual village fair
was being celebrated.
Q.2 Why was it the best time to visit the village?
Ans. Bilal visited the village in his summer vacations. It
would be best time for him to visit the village because the villagers were
celebrating annual fair which is held only once in year. Bilal luckily
experienced the amazing sights of this fair.
Q.3 How did the juggler entertain the people?
Ans. The juggler entertained the people through his funny
and amazing tricks. He juggled with seven balls at a time without dropping any
of them. It was a great game of practice and skill.
Q.4 How did the conjurer perform his tricks?
Ans.The conjurer performed several
unbelievable tricks through his clever skill. He took Bilal's handkerchief and
tore it into pieces. Later on he astonished the audience by returning the
handkerchief in just one piece.
Q.5 What is tent-pegging?
Ans. Tent -Pegging is a typical feature of Pakistani fair
and a popular country game. In this game, the horse rider has to pull up the
wooden pegs fixed in the ground. They do this with the help of lances.
Q.6 What made the dogs run in the dog race?
Ans. Dog race is a kind of fascinating entertainment for
the villagers in which the skill of hound dongs is examined. In the fair, a
rabbit was brought in the field and was let loose inform of the dogs, which
made the dogs run.
Q.7 What was the special announcement?
Ans. The special announcement was about the horse race. s
it is the general feature of a fair, that's why most of the people rushed to
view their favourite segment of the fair.
Q.8 What kinds of shops had been setup for the fair?
Ans. Mostly the temporary shops had been set up for the
fair. All kinds of goods from handkerchiefs to framing tools were available in
these shops. They were the special faculty for this fair.
Q.9 What was the use of these shops for the villagers?
Ans. The temporary shops set up for the fair provided
feasibility to both buyers and seller. People from far off places easily bought
essential commodities of life. Where as, it was a good time for the sellers to
avail business opportunity.
Q.10 What were the different entertainments in the fair for
the children?
Ans. Thee were different entertainments for the children in
the fair. These entertainments include swings, the monkey man show and the show
performed by the circus people. Children enjoyed it a lot.
Sentences
1. Decorated - Our school was
beautifully decorated on the occasion of Eid Milad-un- Nabi.
2. competition - A soldier was badly
wounded during the shooting competition.
3. Performance - A Major was awarded
medal because of his performance during the war.
4. Temporary - Temporary
arrangements have been made for the prevention of crimes.
5. Damaged - The car was badly
damaged after a small accident.
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Grammar
1.Complete the following sentences
1. The drummer who could beat the longest work get a prize.
2. The two friends moved towards a crowd which had gathered in a big circle.
3. The food that we ate was delicious.
4. The man whom we saw climbing the pole had been walking on the tight
rope.
5. The rider whose horse had won the race was very happy.
6. I went to the village where my cousin was living.
7. I visited him when the village fair was in full swing.
2. Tense Changing into Past.
1. We do our homework.
Ans. We did our homework at night.
2. The pupils write a composition.
Ans. The pupils wrote a composition in the
half-time.
3. My friend walks to school.
Ans. My friend walked to school in the morning.
4. The Headmaster teaches us English.
Ans. The Headmaster taught us English in the
last period.
5. The peon rings the bell.
Ans. The peon rang the bell at 1'O clock.
6. My mother does not sleep well.
Ans. My mother did not sleep well.
7. His brother loses his book.
Ans. His brother lost his book in the assembly.
8. The eagle flies very high.
Ans. The eagle flew very high in the sky.
9. The cobbler sits under a tree.
Ans. The cobbler sat under a tree at noon.
10. They grow rice on this farm.
Ans. They grow rice on this farm in the winter
season.
3. Degrees of Adjectives
1. old - older- oldest
2. young - younger- youngest
3. great - greater - greatest
4. big - bigger - biggest
5. far - more far - most far
6. famous - more famous - most famous
7. beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful
8. popular - more popular - most popular
9. intelligent - more intelligent - most
intelligent
10. delicious - more delicious - most delicious
4. Forms of Verbs
1. know - knew - known
2. heat - heated - heated
3. learn - learnt - learnt
4. sing - sang - snag
5. read - read - read
6. listen - listened - listened
7. go - went - gone
8. write - wrote - written
9. make - made - made
10. wear - wore - worn
11. live - lived - lived
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Composition
1. A Village Fair
Last month, we visited a village fair. The fair
was representing the festive mood of the rusic people. The village was
specially decorated with colourful buntings and flags and was crowded with a
lrge number of people. Many temporary shops had been set up which were the
special faculty for the fair. These shops were providing feasibility for the
visitors as well as for the shopkeepers. There was a lot of entertainment for
different age groups especially children like swings, monkey man show, drum
beating competition, horse race etc. The circus people were also presenting
their funny and amazing tricks to fascinate people. Tent - pegging and the dog
race were two very popular games of the fair. In tent-pegging the training and
skill to horse and the rider is examined skill of dogs is examined through the
dog race. We were very enchanted to see the beautiful sights of the fair.
2. Tent-Pegging
Tent-pegging is one of the most popular and
famous sport of Pakistan. It is an important heritage of our culture. In this
game wooden pegs are fixed in the ground. The riders have to pull these pegs
out of the ground with the help of their spear, as they ride by at a gallop.
Tent-pegging is a exhibit of skill in which the training invested on the horse
and the skill of trainee and the rider is tested. It is great game of joy in addition
to practice and skill.
Dignity of Work
Question and Answers
Q.1 What did Akhter not answer his mother?
Ans. Akhter, being stubborn did not answer his mother. He
was feeling cross and angry because he was made to do the work of servants and
gardeners with his own hands.
Q.2 What did Mr. Inayat tell the children?
Ans. Mr. Inayat usually used to tell interesting stories of
different parts of the world. But on that particular day, he told the children
about the dignity of doing work with our own hands.
Q.3 What reason did Akhter give his under for being cross?
Ans. The reason for Akhtar's anger was that he was forced
to do the mean would. He believed that by doing out cast his greatness is
decreased and was feeling ashame on his act.
Q.4 What did the teacher do himself?
Ans. The teacher swept the room and emptied the dustbin.
The head master also took part in the activities by cleaning bathroom.
Q.5 What did the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) love?
Ans. Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) loved to do the work for
himself and for others with his own hands. He never felt shy in repairing and
mending his shoes, washing clothes and sweeping room. He proudly joined his
companions in digging ditch during the Khandaq Battle.
Q.6 Were the companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) like
him?
Ans. Yes, the companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) like
him. They were the complete sketch of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) personality and
loved doing work with their hands. Hazrat Abu Bakr not did his own work but
also helped others.
Q.7 What did Hazrat Abu Bakr do?
Ans. Hazrat Abu Bakr was the orthodox Caliph of Muslims.
Following of footsteps of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H), he did every kind of work,
his own as well as of others. He fetched water far widows and neighbours who
were very old and had no one to work for them.
Q.8 What did Hazrat Fatima do?
Ans. Hazrat Fatima was the beloved and dearest daughter of
Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). She could have servants being the daughter of Holy
Prophet (P.B.U.H), but like her father she fetched water, ground corn and swept
the house.
Q.9 How did Sultan Nasir uddin earned his living?
Ans. Sultan Nasir-uddin was a very pious Emperor of
Muslims. He earned his living by making caps, although he could take money from
the emperor's treasury.
Q.10 What does everyone do in China?
Ans. People at China believe that all ought to work.
Everyone has to spend sometime each year working in the fields or in a factor.
Even the Prime Minister and his wife do the work.
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Word Meanings
1. cross - angry
2. reason - cause
3. pleasant - friendly
4. surprised - astonished
5. favourite - specially liked
6. treat - behave towards somebody
7. noble - showing high character
8. feteree - went for an brought back
9. advanced - developed
Composition
Dignity of Work
Greatness of work or significance of work stand
in the meanings of dignity of work .It means that every kind of work is great.
No matter how small or how trivial it is. By doing work with our own hands, our
greatness is not curtailed and we should, not feel shy or disgrace in doing
chores of daily life. Dignity of work is very importance because it produces
the spirit of doing hard work which enables us to face the hardship of life. It
creates modesty on our personality and helps in the modification of ourselves.
It also makes us ethical and social. So, we should realize that by doing work
with our own hands make us honourable and great.
The
Clever Wife
Question and Answers
Q.1 What was the farmer doing in his field?
Ans. The farmer was ploughing in his field with a team of
bullocks. Suddenly, a tiger appeared from the bushes, which terrified the
farmer.
Q.2 What did the tiger say to him?
Ans. Tiger greeted the farmer and said that the God had
commanded him to eat farmer's bullocks. He ordered farmer to obey God's command
then and deliver them to him.
Q.3 Why was the tiger angry?
Ans. The tiger was angry because first of all the farmer
argued that God had commanded him to plough the fields and then refused to
handover the bullocks to him. This argument and refusal of farmer made the
tiger angry.
Q.4 What did the farmer offer to the tiger?
Ans. When the tiger became angry, the farmer tried to
lesser his anger by offering his fat cow. He did so to save his dear live.
Q.5 What did farmer tell his wife?
Ans. The farmer entered the house in a panting position and
introduced his wife with the terrifying condition. He told her that the tiger
is awaiting for cow and asked her the cure for his feared condition.
Q.6 Why did the wife of the farmer refuse to give the cow?
Ans. The wife of the farmer refused to give the cow because
it was the only source of butter and ghee for them. Moreover she also used to
get milk from the animal.
Q.7 What did the farmer's wife do?
Ans. She returned the farmer to the field and decided to
solve the problem. She dressed herself as a blood-thirsty hunter and rode to
the field.
Q.8 What did she say when she saw the tiger?
Ans. She said when she saw the tiger that she was really in
need of a tiger because of its delicious flesh. She further said that she was
habitual of eating three tigers a day in order to frighten the tiger.
Q.9 What did the tiger do when the farmers wife said that
she would eat a tiger?
Ans. Actually the tiger was coward at heart. That's why
when he listened the terrifying dialogues from the farmer's wife. He run away
to save his dear life.
Q.10 What did the jackal say to the running tiger?
Ans. The jackal revealed the fact that the blood-thirsty
killer was actually the farmer's wife. He also promised to show the real
identity of the killer.
Q.11 What did the farmer's wife say to the Jackal?
Ans. The farmer's wife thanked Jackal for bringing such a
fine tiger to her. She also asked for two more tigers because she wanted to
show the character of a blood-thirsty killer to afraid the tiger.
Sentences
1. Command : The major commanded
his soldiers to attack the enemy's fort.
2. Coward : To sing a song behind one's back is a very coward
act.
3. Deliver : Newspaper are the
best media to deliver the messages of Government.
4. Tender: We should deal everyone in a
tender and delicate manner."
5. Trick: We should not play tricks with
others.
Composition
Q.1 Why did the farmer offer the tiger his cow?
Ans. Firstly the tiger demanded the farmer's bullocks in a
dramatic style. The demand of the tiger terrified the farmer. He thought that
if he had no bullocks to plough the field, there would be no wheat to make
bread. He thought that if he gives his fat cow instead of bullocks, this would
be profitable for him. That's why the farmer offered the tiger, his cow.
Q.2 How did farmer's wife frighten the tiger?
Ans. The farmer's wife frighted the tiger by cladding
herself as a blood-thirsty killer. She put on her husband's best clothes, lied
a fine turban round her head. Then she saddled the horse and rode to the field.
When she reached there, said in loud and bold voice that she was really in need
of a tiger. She also added that she was habitual of eating three tigers a day.
The tiger was coward at heart, that's why when he listened such dialogues, he
ran to same his dear life?
Q.3 How did the Jackal encourage the tiger?
Ans. The Jackal firstly flattered the tiger. Then he
encouraged him by revealing the fact that the bloodthirsty killer, who was
terrifying the tiger, was the farmer's wife. He also promised to show the real
identity of farmer's wife i.e. her long hair in order to proved his claim. He
did so because he thought that he might also have a piece from the tiger's
hunt.
Q.4 What is the moral of the lesson "The Clever
Wife"?
Ans. The lesson "The Clever Wife" teaches us that
we can erase tireny from the society by showing boldness in our character. We
should not be panic, while facing tribulations of life and we must keep our
units along us.
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Grammar
1.Direct to Indirect Speech
Direct: Tiger said to the farmer, "Good morning, farmed
of God has commanded me to eat your bullocks. Now obey God's command and
deliver them to me."
Indirect: Tiger greeted the farmer that God had commanded him to
eat farmer's bullocks. He ordered farmer to obey God's command then and deliver
them to him.
Direct: Farmer said to the tiger, "God has commanded me
to plough the fields and i Cannot do so without my bullocks. Perhaps, Sir, you
have made a mistake."
Indirect: Farmer told tiger that God had commanded him to plough
the fields and he would not do so without his bullocks. Might the tiger had
made a mistake.
Direct: Tiger said, " I know better what God wishes me to
do so hurry up and hand over the bullocks to me."
Indirect: Tiger said that he knew better what God wished him to
do; he ordered the farmer to hurry up and handover the bullocks to me.
Direct: Farmer said to the Tiger, "Please, Sir, I've a
fat cow at home. I'll fetch it for you in a few moments."
Indirect: Farmer requested the tiger that he had a fat cow at
home. He would fetch it fo you in a few moments.
Direct: The tiger said, "All right, go and bring the cow
but leave, the bullocks here. I promise I'll not hurt them."
Indirect: The tiger commanded the farmer to go and bring the cow
but leave the bullocks there. He promised he would not hurt them.
Direct: The wife said to the farmer, "You are already
home, I haven't yet started my household work."
Indirect: The wife asked the farmer that he was already home and
that she hadn't yet started her house hold work.
Direct: The farmer said to his wife, "Please, hurry up!
Tell me what to do. The tiger is waiting for the cow. If I am late, the tiger
will eat up the bullocks."
Indirect: The farmer begged his wife to hurry up and tell him
what to do. The tiger was waiting for the co. If he was late, the tiger would
eat up the bullocks.
Direct: The farmer's wife said, "Where shall and get the
milk from? How shall I make butter and ghee if you give away the cow?"
Indirect: The farmer's wife questioned where they would get the
milk from. How she would make butter and ghee if he gave away the cow.
Direct: The farmer said, "I know but bread is more
important than butter. If I've no bullocks to plough the field with, there'll
be no wheat to make bread."
Indirect: The farmer said that he knew but bread was more
important than butter. If he had no bullocks to plough the field with there
would be no wheat to make bread.
Direct: The farmer's wife said, "No, I won't let you take
the cow."
Indirect: The farmer's wife refused she would not let him took
the cow.
Direct: the farmer said, "Then find some way out."
Indirect: The farmer ordered to find some way out then.
Direct: The farmer's wife said, "Very well, I shall think
of a way. Leave it to me. No go back to the tiger and tell him that your wife
is bringing the cow."
Indirect: The farmer's wife exclaimed that she would think of a
way. Leave it to her. She ordered the farmer to go back to the tiger and tell
him that his wife was bringing the cow.
Direct: The farmer's wife said, "How I would like to eat
a live tiger! It's flesh is so tender and tasty. Yesterday, I ate three tigers,
bones and all. I hope I shall find at least one delicious little tiger
today."
Indirect: The farmer's wife said that how she would like to eat
a live tiger. It's flesh was so tender and tasty. The day before, she had eaten
three tigers, bones and all. She hoped she would find at least one delicious
little tiger that day.
Direct: The jackal said to the tiger, "What is the
matter, my lord? Where are you off to?"
Indirect: The jackal asked the tiger what was the matter. Where
he was off to?
Direct: The tiger said to the jackal, "Run for your life.
There's a blood - thirsty horseman, who goes about eating tigers."
Indirect: The tiger said to the jackal to run for his life.
There was a blood-thirsty horseman, who went about eating tigers.
Direct: The jackal said to the tigers, "Oh that was only
the farmer's wife. She has played a trick on you. Come with me, my lord, and I
shall you her long hair.
Indirect: The jackal told the tiger that, she had been the
farmers wife only. She had played a trick on tiger. He said to the tiger to go
with him, and he would show him her long hair.
Direct: The tiger said to the jackal, "Are you sure it's
only a woman."
Indirect: The tiger asked the jackal if he was sure it was only
a woman.
Direct: The jackal said to the tiger, "Don't you trust
your old friend."
Indirect: The jackal asked the tiger if he not trusted his old
friend.
Direct: The farmer said to his wife, "Now we are
lost."
Indirect: The farmer told his wife that they were lost them.
Direct:The farmer's wife said to the
farmer, "Don't you worry. I shall deal with them."
Indirect:The farmer's wife told the farmer
not to worry. She would deal with them.
Direct: The farmer's wife said to the jackal, " Ah, thank
you so much, dear Mr. Jackal, for bringing me such a fine gift of a tiger. I
was really looking for such a one. Have you any more because I must eat three tigers
a day."
Indirect: The farmer's wife thanked jackal for bringing her such
a fine gift for a tiger. She had been really looking for such a one. If he had
any more because she must ate three tigers a day.
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2. Preposition
1. The tiger was angry with the jackal.
2. The farmer's wife laughed at her husband.
3. The farmer's wife was not afraid from the tiger.
4. I'll fetch the cow for you in a few moments.
3. Sentences As a Noun and Verb
1. Command - We should obey the command of our elders. (N)
1. Commanded - The teacher commanded the students to take a surprise test. (V)
2. Growl - The panther's growl made the hunter terrified. (N)
2. Growled - The tiger growled at the fox because he was scrabbing his catch. (V)
3. Plough - Tractor is better tool than bullocks
to plough the fields. (N)
3. Ploughed - The farmer ploughed the field to earn his bread. (V)
4. Anger - Anger is prohibited in Islam. (N)
4. Angered - Aslam angered when he listened the news of his failure in exams. (V)
5. Trick - The audience were very excited with
the funny tricks of joker. (N)
5. Tricked - He tricked me by telling wrong exercise to me for the test. (V)
6. Surprise - There is a strange surprise for you in the store room. (N)
6. Surprised - Fahad was surprised with the slims. (V)
7. Milk - Milk is a balanced and complete diet. (N)
7. Milked - The cow milked her calf. (V)
8. Despair - We should not be despair while facing hardships of life. (N)
8. Despair - Ahmed was greatly despair because he failed in the annual exams. (V)
4. Synonyms
1. Bold - Brave
2. Firm - Strong
3. Delicious - Tasty
4. Despair - Hopelessness
5. Solute - Great
6. Eager - Desirous
7. Tender - Soft
A Nation's Strength
Central Idea
Reference
Raph Waldo Emerson is the writer of this
beautiful poem. His philosophy is everlasting, because it arose from a desire
to make all things new, to seize life freshly.
Central Idea
The vigorous growth of any nation does not
depend on wealth. But majority the result of hard work, high moral character
and virtues of great people. A nation's strength is a fruit of which labour is
seed.
Theme
The heights by great men reached and kept were
nor attained by sudden light, But they, while their companions left, were
toiling upward in the night. (Henry
Longfellow)
"people do not lack strength they lack
will."
Character
Character means moral qualities which constitute
personal or national individuality. A nation's strength rest upon the character
of its people. Men of character achieve greatness for their nation through
sacrifices and hones deeds. They build their nation on foundation of lasting
virtue. So character is a parameter which can be used to measure the depth of a
man's personality. "When wealth is lost, nothing is lost. When health is
lost, something is lost. When Character is lost, everything is lost.
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Idioms
1. With Heart and Soul
Meaning All one's energies and interest.
Sentence
1.That teacher is very popular because she works
with heart and soul.
2. We should love our country with heart and
soul.
From
a Railway Carriage
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Robert Louis Stevenson,
a Scottish poet. In this poem, he shows both the sides of picture i.e. good and
evil. He loved the children and understood them.
Central Idea
This poem tells that one decides upon on
objectives suiting one's natural aptitudes and capacities, one should not waste
time and should use all the energies in the effort to attain it and not to be
distracted by anything, however beautiful it may be.
Theme
We are not here to pay, to dream, to drill we have
hard work to do and lots to lift. Shun not the struggle, "Its God
gift".
Question and Answers
Q.1 What does the poet see from a railway carriage?
Ans. He sees the beauty of the area. He also sees a boy who
is collecting services hardly, a homeless person who is doing nothing but to
stare and a man who is lifting the overloaded cart.
Q.2 What pleasures does the railway journey give to the
poet?
Ans. The railway journey gives an immeasurable pleasure to
the post. Natural beauty provides him an everlasting joy which includes the
sights of meadows, daisies, mill, river, hill plain etc. He is pleased because
a thing of beauty is a joy forever.
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Idioms
1. In all - There are four eggs in all in the basket.
2. All at once - All at once the
rain started to fall.
3. All the same - This matter is all
the same to me.
4. All alone - A soldier destroyed
the enemy's for all alone in the war.
5. All about - Its all about the
corruption spreading in the country.
King Faisal
Question and Answers
Q.1 When was King Faisal born?
Ans. The Late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was born in 1907.
He was the second son of King Abdul Aziz Ibn Sa'ud.
Q.2 From whom did he receive his religious education?
Ans. King Faisal belonged to a noble and religious family
so the received his religious education from his maternal grand father Sheikh
Abdullah Bin Latif.
Q.3 When was Faisal made the King?
Ans. Faisal was made King after the illness of his elder
brother King saud in 1964. The council of Ministers chose him as a king because
of his wisdom and intelligence.
Q.4 How did Faisal rule Saudi Arabia?
Ans. Being an able ruler and possessing great qualities of
Leadership. Faisal ruled Saudi Arabia wisely and justly Saudi Arabia was
polished under his rule because of his sincere leadership and love for his
country. He did his best for the development of the country.
Q.5 How did he developed his country?
Ans. Keeping a vast governing experience, Fisal took all
necessary steps to develop his country. He spend a lot of money to promote his
people and provided the basic amenities of life to the people at their
footsteps. He setup new industries and milk, provided the education with
stipends compulsory and took every step to increase mineral oil's production,
which is the main source of income. Vast areas deserts were irrigated and
brought under cultivation.
Q.6 What were the feelings of King FAisal about Pakistan?
Ans. King Faisal was a sincere friend and well-wisher of
the people of Pakistan. He showed his sincerely on several ocasions by
providing all-out metal and material support. He felt deeply on the separation
of Pakistan. He was the one who gave the "Castle of Islam" to
Pakistan and his name shall live foreever in the hearts of Pakistan.
Q.7 Why was King Faisal against the State of Israel?
Ans. King Faisal was against the state of Israel, because
of its enmity towards the ARabs. Infact, he was arare of the aggressive designs
of European block, that why he condemned the illegal occupation of israel. He
demanded that the previous state of Jerusalem should be restored i.e. to be
given under the control of Muslims as a holy Islamic city.
Q.8 What did FAisal do for the Arabs in their war against
Israel?
Ans. Faisal made every possible effort to get back the ARab
territories and provided full financial support to Arabs. He never recognized
the state of Israel and did not establish any kind of relation with it at any
level. He was the one who introduce the Arabs as a community.
Q.9 When was King Faisal killed?
Ans. King Faisal was killed by a wicked nephew of his on
25th March, 1975. Actually hee was murdered by a skillful fabricated plan.
Q.10 How did the muslims feel over his death?
Ans. The Muslims felt deep sorrow over his death. Pakistan
now in his death as one of their family members had died. His name shall be
written in the letters of gold and will be remembered forever.
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Sentences
1. Education - Islam makes it
compulsory for all humans to acquire education.
2. Govern - The President governs the country with an iron hand.
3. Gain - Aslam gained a good profit in his joint venture.
4. Spread - Newspaper are the best media to spread the messages
of Government.
5. Affair - This affair is keeping him occupied.
Complete the Following Sentences
1. Faisal started taking interest in the affairs of the state.
2. He received religious education from his maternal grandfather.
3. He was
made governor of Hijaz when he was only twenty.
4. He helped his father in governing the country.
Composition
1. King Faisal
King Faisal had a royal background that's why
from the very beginning he was aware from the art of governing. Due to his
intelligence, he was made P.M. in early age. He was a very sincere and true
leader. He made the correct usage of all sources of income. He used mineral oil
as a weapon for Arab to fight with the European block. he was aware of the aggressive
plans of non-Muslims, that's why he openly declared it to the Muslim World. He
also gave the solution by awaking the need of unity among the Muslims. he was
only leader who recognized the Arabs as a community in the World. Now, he is no
more but his efforts shall be remembered forever.
2. King Faisal's Efforts to Unite the Muslims
To create unity among Muslims and to unite them
on one platform, was the main aim of King Faisal. He realized that only
solution to the problems which the Muslims world is currently facing lies in
the unity among the Muslims. He provoke the need of brotherhood among the
Muslims. He gave the idea and practically hold the Islamic Summit conferences
in which all the problems were discussed at Length. he always supported the
Muslims at their hard times which created an examplary effect on the Muslims.
The best best example is his continuous struggle against the Israeli occupation
of the Arab Territories. Infact, he chose the right path to save the Muslims
from devastation.
Idioms
1. go into - He goes into
trouble through his foolishness.
2. go through - Have you gone
through my report card?
3. go together - My opinion about
this matter does not go together with yours.
Grammar
Nouns
1. Born - Birth
2. Educate - Education
3. Resign - Resignation
4. Move - Movement
5. Rule - Ruler
6. Govern - Government
7. Serve - Service
8. Visit - A Visit
9. Die - Death
10. Develop - Development
A
Visit
Question and Answers
Q.1 Why were Mr. Ahmed's pupil excited?
Ans. Mr. Ahmed's pupils were excited because they were
given a day off to visit a Model Agricultural Farm. They were naturally very
excited.
Q.2 What surprised the boys when they reached the model
farm?
Ans. When the boys reached the farm, they were surprised to
see such a vast area of farm. They were also astonished to see mechanized farm.
Q.3 What is the name of the machine working in the wheat
field?
Ans. The name of the machine working in the wheat field is
"Combine". Its function is to harvest the crop and tied it into
sheaves.
Q.4 What does a thresher do?
Ans. A Thresher chaff from the grain. From one side of the
machine, a golden rain of sweet smelling machine comes out while from other end
the chaff comes out.
Q.5 How are ploughing, seeding and harvesting done on the
model farm?
Ans. On the model farm, ploughing is done by tractors. The
sowing machine is used for the purpose of seeding where as harvesting is done
by Combine.
Q.6 How much work can one man do on the machine?
Ans. Machines have made the work easy for the farmer.
That's why a man can do the work of almost hundred men with the help of
machines.
Q.7 What is an average produce from and ordinary farm?
What is the produce per hectare on the model farm?
Ans. The average produce from na ordinary farm is 13 to 20
quintals. Where as average produce per hectare on the model farm is 60 to 70
quintals.
Q.8 Why is thee is difference in the output of the two?
Ans. There is a difference in the output of the two because
of the machines used in model farm. The use of modern machinery and chemical,
fertilizers in model farm has made work feasible for farmers. Moreover, spray
of pesticides / insecticides and continuous supply of water has helped to
increase the work output.
Q.9 What do they do to kill germs and insects?
Ans. They spray pesticides and insecticides for the
prevention of germs and insects. This process includes washing of tree trunks
with lime water and removal of wild grass and weeds.
Q.10 What do they grow on the model farm?
Ans. They grow wheat, maize, cotton, sugarcane and grant.
Moreover, they also grow vegetables and they also have a large orchard, where
they grow mangoes and oranges.
Q.11 Why were the boys surprised on the vegetable form?
Ans. The boys were surprised on the vegetable farm to see
the vegetable growing out of the season on the vegetable form. They do it by
the usage of chemical fertilizers; plentiful supply of water and by the help
modern machine.
Sentences
1. Planning - I am planning to
take computer classes in the summer vacations.
2. Model - The engineer presented a new model of car in the
seminar.
3. Irrigate - The farmer has dug
the canals to irrigate his land.
4. Plentiful - I've got plentiful
amount of money to spent on you.
5. Harmful - Pollution is a very
harmful disease for this world.
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Complete the following Sentences
1. The Headmaster had allowed them a day's outing.
2. Mr. Haroon received them at the gate and showed them around.
3. With one sweep it seemed to eat up a large area.
4. The pupils watched the working of the machine
with keen interest.
5. No, certainly not.
6. The sowing machine sows, the seed well.
7. No seed goes waste.
8. We use chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil.
9. The visitors were surprised to see growing there such vegetables as were out of
season.
10. He offered the boys fresh tomatoes and cucumbers.
Composition
1. Narrate in your own words how they get so much produce per rectare on the
model farm.
The farmers are able to grow an abundant produce
on the model farm because of the modern techniques. They use modern machines,
which can perform the work of hundred men. Along with, fertilizers are being
used on a vast scale in the farm, so that better and finer crops can be grown.
Moreover, spray of pesticides/insecticides and non-stop supply of water has
helped to increase the work output.
2. Write the sentences to show whether modern methods of farming are better
nor the old ones.
Machines and techniques have made the profession
farming easy for the farmers. Modern methods are better than the old ones
because they are more easy to operate than the old methods.
They have increase the feasibility of work,
because of mechanized means. In this way, one machine can do the work of
hundred men. The old methods worked very slow and took a long time of the
farmer. But today, the time is also saved and good crops can be grown. Today
chemical fertilizers are being used in crops on vast scale, along with
pesticides. These salts provide extra enrichment to the crops and protect them
from diseases. In this manner better crops could be grown.
Dialogues
Instructor: "Hello! I m from the department
of Agriculture. I've come here to guide you".
Farmer : "How can I increase the
production?"
Instructor : "You can do it by using
chemical fertilizers in your crops."
Farmer: "But how these artificial compounds
can increase the growth?"
Instructor: "Actually these fertilizers are
salts, which provide extra nourishment to the crops. In this manner you can
grow better crops".
Farmer: "OK! Now tell me any other
advantage of these fertilizers."
Instructor: " By using these salts you can
also grow the crops that are out of season."
Farmer: " Well I've another problem to
discuss."
Instructor: " What is it?"
Farmer: "Last year my whole crop was
destroyed due to some insects. Tell me any cure for it?"
Instructor: "Don't worry Look! These are
the begs of pesticides or you can call it insecticides."
Farmer: "Please make it more clear.'
Instructor: "Sure, actually these
pesticides serve as medicines which will kill the insects and prevent
destruction of crops."
Farmer: "Oh it's very easy. you've provided
me a useful knowledge. Thank You."
Instructor: "No matter, its my job."
Grammar
Use Adjectives in your sentences.
1. Pleasant - This perfume gives
a very pleasant smell.
2. Interesting - Physics is an
interesting subject.
3. Huge- Sun is very huge as compared to
our earth.
4. Vast - Arrangement have been made on vast scale for the
prevention of crimes in the country.
5. Large - This exercise is very large.
Convert the following into Direct Speech.
Mr. Hasan told the visitors that the farm had been doing so well that they
had decided to add a dairy to it. There, Finest cows and buffaloes would be
kept. The farm would use an electric milker to milk the animals Modern
Machinery would make cream and butter.
Mr. Hasan said to the visitors "The farm
has been doing so well that we have decided to add a dairy to it. Here, finest
cows and buffaloes will be kept. The farm, will use an electric milker to milk
the animals. Modern machinery will make cream and butter."
Idioms
1. Get rid of - I got rid of problem by my father.
2. Get at - He get at the point after listening the mystery
Little Things
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Julia Carney. The poem
emphasis upon the importance of little things.
Central Idea
Nothing in this material world is unimportant.
Even little things, which fail to claim and importance and fail to invite our
attention, have their importance which cannot be ignored. Same as short, brief
an soft spoken words create an everlasting impression in the hearts of others.
Thus help to establish a harmonies society.
Theme
"If a great thing is simple to explain and
easy to understand then the little things demand elaboration of details."
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write five lines about a little out of kindness done
by you, and the result of it?
Ans. Once a poor woman came to my house. She asked us about
some money because her only son was in the hospital and she needed the money to
buy medicines for him. My mother did not believe on her story but I offered my
whole collection of the year which was about 800 to 900 rupees. In return, the
woman gave me so much prays that I felt very happy on my act.
Sentences
1. To make fun of -
We should not make fun of poor because they are also human beings like us.
2. To make room - The conductor was trying to make room for incoming
passengers inside the bus.
3. To make money -
Most of the people spend their lives in making money other than doing good
deed.
4. To make a mistake -
Aslam is making a mistake by choosing Qurban as his partner.
5. To make up - I've made up my mind to go to England for higher
studies after the matriculation exams.
Use of made of:
1. That house is made of bricks.
2. This cushion is made of foam rubber.
3. These machines are made of steel.
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Idioms
1. To make the most of
Meaning: To take the fullest advantage of the circumstances
Sentence: he led me use his bicycle for a month so I'm going to
make the most of it.
2. To make the both ends meet
Meaning: To be able to live within one's income.
Sentence: I had to take up a part time job to be able to make
the both ends meet.
3. To make one's mouth water
Meaning: To cause someone to desire something intensely,
especially food.
Professions
Question and Answers
Q.1 What does "Akhund" mean?
Ans. "Akhund" is a Sindhi word derived from a
Persian word "Khandan" which means "to read". It is the
best word to express the teachers dignity and status.
Q.2 How does a teacher fulfill, God's command?
Ans. The teacher fulfills God's command by acting upon the
first relation i.e. "to read" (IQRA). Teacher observe God's Law by
reading from the human heart, the nature and the Holy book.
Q.3 What are the qualities of a teacher?
Ans. Teacher must possess some personal and professionals
Gaits. Personal qualities include interest for knowledge, reverence for all
sorts knowledge, preference for students welfare. The other qualities are love
to learn from every source and also to apply practically what he preaches.
Q.4 Why is fish important for us?
Ans. Fish is important, for us because it is a source of
food and several by-products are obtained from fish i.e. glue, manure, liver
oil. Catching fish is one of the most ancient and common profession of the
world due to which a large number of people are engaged with this profession.
It is also a flourishing trade.
Q.5 What are the different modes of fishing?
Ans. Freshment fishing or fishing - inland and sea or
marine fishing are the two different modes of fishing. Freshwater fishing is
done in rivers, Lakes, streams, ponds etc while marine fishing is done in
oceans, sea, coastal areas etc.
Q.6 Why do people like freshment fish?
Ans. People like freshment fish because of its delicious
taste. They are of very small size and easier to catch rather than marine
fishing. It is usually caught from rivers, lakes, ponds, canals etc.
Q.7 Where is marine fishing done in Pakistan?
Ans. In Pakistan, marine fishing is done in the Arabian sea
long the coast. The hazards of marine fishing include prolong stay o the
fisherman in deep sea. The other danger is sudden change of weather, which can
result in the loss of many lives.
Composition
Explain any one quality of a teacher.
The most elegant quality of a teacher is that he
takes keen interest in learning from every source. He does not hesitate in
capturing knowledge from every point in life. He does not keep himself committed
to the books only. But tries to gain knowledge from any and everyone. even
those younger or less gifted than himself. It means that he remains student
forever. So, the good teacher is one who is enthusiastic for gaining knowledge
from every source of life.
Unseen Passage
Before railways were made the cultivator derived little benefit on abundant harvest. He could not send
his product to distant places to be sold; and if the land produced more than it
was required in any particular district, as would happen in a good season.
Prices fell and the cultivator was deprived of the profit which he might have
expected, indeed, he often found it more economical to leave apart of his crop
circuit. Railway has altered these conditions equalized has enabled agricultural,
produce the improvements in communication to be sent to any distance with the
result that prices have been in all places, within reasonable distance from the
railway. When harvest are abundant, foodstuffs no longer not for want of
buyers, since the farmer now has access to all the markets of the world.
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Questions
1. Write down to main problems the farmer
had to face before railways were made?
Ans. The main hazards the farmer had to face were that he
could not send his produce to the far-flung areas. The other problem was that
if more crop is harvested, the prices fell and he deprived of the profit.
2. Why did the prices of agricultural produce fall in
good season?
Ans. the prices of agricultural products fell in good
season because of abundant quantity of produce.
3. Why did the cultivators sometimes leave a part of his
crop uncut?
Ans The farmers sometimes left a part of their crop uncut
because it was found more economical for them other than getting low prices for
the produce.
4. How has the improvement in communication helped to
equalize the prices of agriculture produce?
Ans. The improvement in communication has helped to
equalize the prices of agricultural products because after the establishment to
transport link, the products can be taken to ay part of the world.
5. Change the bold verbs into Present
Tense.
Ans. were made - are made, derived - derive
Fill in the Blanks
1. The teacher examined each student carefully.
2. River Indus is an important reservoir of water for irrigtion.
3. Stamp collecting is a good hobby.
4. The lunch was very tasty.
5. They are modernizing their mill by importing new machinery.
6. Manara is an off-shore island.
7. Coal Car is a by-product of petrol.
Grammar
Put the verb in correct tense.
1. I shall stay(stay) here until he comes (come) back.
2. If you speak(speak) the truth, i shall
not punish (not punish) you.
3. When he reached (reach) the station the train had arrived (arrive).
4. I found (find) the book which i had lost (lose).
5. If you do
not hurry (not hurry) you will
miss (miss) the train.
6. If it does
not rain (not rain) we shall
go (go) out for a walk in the evening.
7. If he studies (study) regularly he will
pass (pass) the examination.
8. He went (go) to the market and bought (buy) two exercise books yesterday.
9. I go (go) abroad for higher studies as soon as my result is announced (announce).
10. The teacher punished (punish) the boys who hadn't done (not done) the homework.
Use of "Since" or "For".
1. It has been raining since morning.
2. They have been playing foot ball for an hour.
3. I have been living in this house since January.
4. She has been suffering from fever for two days.
5. I have been preparing for the examination since Sunday last.
6. He has been building a house for six months.
7. The girl has been making a doll since noon.
8. He has been studying in this school since 1984.
Idioms
1. To back out of something.
Meaning: To withdraw from an
agreement.
Sentence: You
gave you word that you should help. Don't back out of it.
2. To beat about the bush .
Meaning: To go around the
topic in order to avoid the point.
Sentence: Say
exactly what you mean and stop beating about the bush.
3. Bone to pick with someone.
Meaning: grievance about
something.
Sentence: I
have a bone to pick with you.
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Synonyms
1. Reflection - Image
2. Enshrined - preserved carefully
3. Divine - of God
4. Dignity - honour
5. Par excellence - the best
6. cultivating - developing
7. professional - concerning one's job
8. regard - opinion
Choose the Right Meaning
1. reverencing - (reversing, paying respect to, referring)
2. appreciates - (thinks, pays money to values)
3. inscribed - (demand, written, described)
4. decree - (certificate, command, temperature)
5. ponders - (thinks about, wanders about, swims about)
6. gifted - (rewarded, talented, indobted)
7. sources - (influences, wounds, fountains)
8. strives (groups, tries hard, sleeps)
9. incorporation - (put an end to, make part of , make a role of )
10. status - (a country, position, property)
The Wise Caliph
Question and Answers
Q.1 What was caliph Haroon-ur-Rashid known and respected
for?
Ans. Caliph Haroon-ur-Rashid was famous for his wisdom and
justice. The Caliph was wise in that manner as he used to disguise himself to
know the problems and difficulties of the subject more freely and equality.
Q.2 Why did he go through the streets of Baghdad?
Ans. He would go through the streets of Baghdad to mingle
with the common people in order to gain first-hand knowledge of their
difficulties. He believed that by adopting the common life style, he
experienced the problems in true sense.
Q.3 What did the Qazi say to the Caliph?
Ans. Firstly Qazi approached to the Caliph saluted him and
presented a puzzled case, which the Qazi could not solve. The mystery was
disturbing the Qazi because the two men were claiming the ownership of the same
horse.
Q.4 What was the dispute between the rich man and beggar?
Ans. The dispute between the rich man and the beggar
because of a horse. Both of them were claiming the ownership of horse plus
accusing each other of robbery.
Q.5 What did the rich man tell the Caliph?
Ans. The rich man told the Caliph that he was riding
towards the city. On this way he saw a beggar, who asked for a ride up to city
gate. Afterwards the beggar refused to get down from the horse and claimed that
the horse ws his.
Q.6 What did the beggar tell the Caliph?
The beggar told the Caliph that he had spent all
his money on the horse. That morning the beggar was riding to the city and saw
the rich man walking along the road. He asked for a lift because he was in
hurry but afterwards refused to discount claiming that the horse belonged to
him.
Q.7 Why did the beggar refuse to go down the horse?
Ans. The beggar refused to get down the horse because he
wanted to rob the rich man of his horse. He also fabricated a false story to
claim his ownership.
Q.8 What did the horse do when the beggar touched it?
Ans. When the beggar touched the horse it winced as if it
did not like the touch of his hand. This reaction of the animals show that it was
not owned by the beggar.
Q.9 What did the horse do when the rich man touched it?
Ans. When the rich man touched the horse it neighed and
snorted with pleasure. This reaction of the horse proved the true ownership of
the rich man.
Q.10 What did the Caliph say to the beggar?
Ans. The Caliph pronounced the beggar that he was a lair
and wicked man. And by forgiving him asked him to beg the pardon of the rich
man. Afterwards the rich man forgave him.
Sentences
1. Afford ........................ I can't
afford such a heavy expense.
2. Puzzled ..................... Ali was puzzled
with the sum.
3. Disguise .................... The magician
disguised himself as a woman in a second.
4. Dispute ..................... The Kashmir
dispute is a bone of contention between India and Pakistan.
5. Lend .......................... Please lend
me your physics book.
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Synonyms
1. shiver - tremble
2. astonish - amaze
3. cling - stick
4. request - beg
5. stiffen - harden
6. severe - stern
7. utterly - completely
8. disguise - hide
9. obvious - clear
10. puzzled - confused
11. mingle - mix
Complete the Sentences
1. A large crowd had gathered outside the court.
2. The courtiers crowed round the Caliph.
3. The Caliph disguised himself as a common man.
4. The people recognized the Caliph inspite of
his disguise.
5. His right leg is shorter than the left leg,
so he has a limp in his walk.
6. The rich man saw the lame beggar limping along the road.
7. The beggar motioned to him to stop.
8. He stood still and made no motion.
9. He uttered a few words and then lost consciousness.
10. To his utter disappointment he failed in the examination.
11. The rich man went galloping along the road.
12. The horse was running at a gallop.
13. The rich man and the beggar both claimed the horse.
14. Whose claim was found to be true?
Verbs and Nouns
1. Beg - Beggary
2. Live - Life
3. Lend - Loan
4. Believe - Belief
5. Please - Pleasant
6. Give - Gift
7. Speak - Speech
Composition
1. Describe the dispute between the rich man and the poor beggar and how
did the Caliph prove that the beggar was a liar?
The dispute between the rich man and the beggar
was because of a white horse. Both of them were claiming the ownership of the
horse plus accusing each other of the robbery. Firstly, rich man riding to the
city, he saw the beggar limping along the road. He felt sorry for him and gave
him a ride up city gate. Afterwards, the beggar refused to dismount claiming that
horse belonged to him. The beggar also told the same story with few amendments.
The Caliph, being wise, settled the dispute in a
minute. He ordered both the men to touch the horse. When the beggar touched the
horse, it showed the displeasure by wincing. But when the rich man touched the
horse, It neighed and snorted with pleasure. The reaction of the animal proved
the true ownership of the rich man. In this manner the case was decided and the
Caliph was able to prove that the beggar was a liar and wicked man.
2. What is the moral of the lesson "The Wise Caliph"?
The lesson "The Wise Caliph" teaches
us that if someone is dishonest to you and treats you in the bad manner, you
should not treat him in the smae manner in which her behaved. The best revenge
for a bad deed is a good deed.